From: Subject: The November Memorandum by Murray N. Rothbard Date: Sun, 9 Aug 2009 22:34:03 +0200 MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: multipart/related; type="text/html"; boundary="----=_NextPart_000_021D_01CA1941.7F7CBB90" X-MimeOLE: Produced By Microsoft MimeOLE V6.00.2900.5579 This is a multi-part message in MIME format. ------=_NextPart_000_021D_01CA1941.7F7CBB90 Content-Type: text/html; charset="iso-8859-1" Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable Content-Location: http://www.lewrockwell.com/rothbard/rothbard155.html The November Memorandum by Murray N. Rothbard =

The November=20 Memorandum

by Murray=20 N. Rothbard
by = Murray N.=20 Rothbard

DIGG=20 THIS

=20

Note: Murray=20 Rothbard wrote this essay one week after the November 1994 = election.=20 It circulated privately as a Confidential = Memo.

In = a famous=20 lyric of a generation ago, Bob Dylan twitted the = then-dominant=20 "bourgeois" culture, "it doesn't take a weatherman to know = the way=20 the wind blows." Indeed, and the significance of this phrase = today=20 has nothing to do with the group of crazed Stalinist youth = who once=20 called themselves "the Weathermen." The phrase, in fact, is = all too=20 relevant to the present day.

It = means this:=20 you don't have to have to be a certified media pundit to = understand=20 the meaning of the glorious election of November 1994. In = fact, it=20 almost seems a requirement for a clear understanding of this = election not to be a certified pundit. It certainly helps = not to be=20 a member of Clinton's cadre of professional spinners and=20 spinsters.

The = election=20 was not a repudiation of "incumbents." Not when not a single = Republican incumbent lost in any Congressional, Senate, or=20 gubernatorial seat. The election was manifestly not simply=20 "anti-Congress," as George Stephanopoulos said. Many = governorships=20 and state legislatures experienced upheavals as well. The = elections=20 were not an expression of public anger that President = Clinton's=20 beloved goals were not being met fast enough by Congress, as = Clinton=20 himself claimed. All too many of his goals (in housing, = labor,=20 banking, and foreign policy, for example) were being = realized=20 through regulatory edict.

No, = the meaning=20 of the truly revolutionary election of 1994 is clear to = anyone who=20 has eyes to see and is willing to use them: it was a massive = and=20 unprecedented public repudiation of President Clinton, his = person,=20 his personnel, his ideologies and programs, and all of his = works;=20 plus a repudiation of Clinton's Democrat Party; and, most=20 fundamentally, a rejection of the designs, current and = proposed, of=20 the Leviathan he heads.

In = effect, the=20 uprising of anti-Democrat and anti-Washington, D.C., = sentiment=20 throughout the country during 1994 found its expression at = the polls=20 in November in the only way feasible in the social context = of a mass=20 democracy: by a sweeping and unprecedented electoral = revolution=20 repudiating Democrats and electing Republicans. It was an = event at=20 least as significant for our future as those of 1985=961988 = in the=20 former Soviet Union and its satellites, which in retrospect = revealed=20 the internal crumbling of an empire.

But = if the=20 popular revolution constitutes a repudiation of Clinton and=20 Clintonism, what is the ideology being repudiated, and what=20 principles are being affirmed?

Again, it=20 should be clear that what is being rejected is big = government in=20 general (its taxing, mandating, regulating, gun grabbing, = and even=20 its spending) and, in particular, its arrogant ambition to = control=20 the entire society from the political center. Voters and = taxpayers=20 are no longer persuaded of a supposed rationale for = American-style=20 central planning.

On = the positive=20 side, the public is vigorously and fervently affirming its = desire to=20 re-limit and de-centralize government; to increase = individual and=20 community liberty; to reduce taxes, mandates, and government = intrusion; to return to the cultural and social mores of = pre-1960s=20 America, and perhaps much earlier than that.

What Are the=20 Prospects?

Should we greet=20 the November results with unalloyed joy? Partly, the answer = is a=20 matter of personal temperament, but there are guidelines = that emerge=20 from a realistic analysis of this new and exciting political = development.

In = the first=20 place, conservatives and libertarians should be joyful at = the=20 intense and widespread revolutionary sentiment throughout = the=20 country, ranging from small but numerous grassroots outfits = usually=20 to moderate professionals and academics. The repudiation of = the=20 Democrats at the polls and the rapid translation of general = popular=20 sentiment into electoral action is indeed a cause for=20 celebration.

But = there are=20 great problems and resistances ahead. It is vital that we = prepare=20 for them and be able to deal with them. Rolling back statism = is not=20 going to be easy. The Marxists used to point out, from long = study of=20 historical experience, that no ruling elite in history has = ever=20 voluntarily surrendered its power; or, more correctly, that = a ruling=20 elite has only been toppled when large sectors of that = elite, for=20 whatever reasons, have given up and decided that the system = should=20 be abandoned.

We = need to=20 study the lessons of the most recent collapse of a ruling = elite and=20 its monstrous statist system, the Soviet Union and its = satellite=20 Communist states. There is both good news and at least = cautionary=20 bad news in the history of this collapse and of its = continuing=20 aftermath. The overwhelmingly good news, of course, is the = crumbling=20 of the collectivist U.S.S.R., even though buttressed by = systemic=20 terror and mass murder.

Essentially,=20 the Soviet Union imploded because it had lost the support, = not only=20 of the general public, but even of large sectors of the = ruling=20 elites themselves. The loss of support came, first, in the = general=20 loss of moral legitimacy, and of faith in Marxism, and then, = out of=20 recognition that the system wasn't working economically, = even for=20 much of the ruling Communist Party itself.

The = bad news,=20 while scarcely offsetting the good, came from the way in = which the=20 transition from Communism to freedom and free markets was = bungled.=20 Essentially there were two grave and interconnected errors. = First,=20 the reformers didn't move fast enough, worrying about social = disruption, and not realizing that the faster the shift = toward=20 freedom and private ownership took place, the less would be = the=20 disturbances of the transition and the sooner economic and = social=20 recovery would take place.

Second, in=20 attempting to be congenial statesmen, as opposed to=20 counter-revolutionaries, the reformers not only failed to = punish the=20 Communist rulers with, at the least, the loss of their = livelihoods,=20 they left them in place, insuring that the ruling = "ex"-Communist=20 elite would be able to resist fundamental change. =

In = other words,=20 except for the Czech Republic, where feisty free-market = economist=20 and Prime Minister Vaclav Klaus was able to drive through = rapid=20 change to a genuine free market, and, to some extent, in the = Baltic=20 states, the reformers were too nice, too eager for = "reconciliation,"=20 too slow and cautious. The result was quasi-disastrous: for = everyone=20 gave lip-service to the rhetoric of free markets and = privatization,=20 while in reality, as in Russia, prices were decontrolled = while=20 industry remained in monopoly government hands.

As = former=20 Soviet economist and Mises Institute senior fellow Yuri = Maltsev=20 first pointed out, it was as if the U.S. Post Office = maintained its=20 postal monopoly, while suddenly being allowed to charge $2 = for a=20 first-class stamp: the result would be impoverishment for = the=20 public, and more money into the coffers of the State. This = is the=20 reverse of a shift to free markets and private = property.

Furthermore,=20 when privatization finally did take place in Russia, too = much of it=20 was "privatization" into the hands of the old elites, which = meant a=20 system more like Communist rule flavored by "private" = gangsterism,=20 than any sort of free market. But, crucially, free markets = and=20 private enterprise took the blame among the bewildered = Russian=20 public.

Betraying=20 the Revolution

The = imminent=20 problem facing the new American Revolution is all too = similar: that,=20 while using the inspiring rhetoric of freedom, tax-cuts,=20 decentralization, individualism, and a rollback to small = government,=20 the Republican Party elites will be performing deeds in = precisely=20 the opposite direction. In that way, the fair rhetoric of = freedom=20 and small government will be used, to powerful and = potentially=20 disastrous effect, as a cover for cementing big government = in place,=20 and even for advancing us in the direction of=20 collectivism.

This systematic=20 betrayal was the precise meaning and function of the Reagan=20 administration. So effective was Ronald Reagan as a = rhetorician,=20 though not a practitioner, of freedom and small government, = that, to=20 this day, most conservatives have still not cottoned on to = the scam=20 of the Reagan administration.

For = the "Reagan=20 Revolution" was precisely a taking of the revolutionary,=20 free-market, and small government spirit of the 1970s, and = the other=20 anti-government vote of 1980, and turning it into its = opposite,=20 without the public or even the activists of that revolution=20 realizing what was going on.

It = was only the=20 advent of George Bush, who continued the trend toward = collectivism=20 while virtually abandoning the Reaganite rhetoric, that = finally=20 awakened the conservative public. (Whether Ronald Reagan = himself was=20 aware of his role, or went along with it, is a matter for = future=20 biographers, and is irrelevant to the objective reality of = what=20 actually happened.)

Are = we merely=20 being "cynical" (the latest self-serving Clintonian term), = or only=20 basing our cautionary warnings on one historical episode? = No, we are=20 simply looking at the activity and function of the = Republican elites=20 since World War II.

Since World War=20 II, and especially since the 1950s, the function of the = Republican=20 Party has been to be the "loyal," "moderate," "bi-partisan," = pseudo-opposition to the collectivist and leftist program of = the=20 Democratic Party. Unlike the more apocalyptic and impatient=20 Bolsheviks, the Mensheviks (or social democrats, or = corporate=20 liberals, or "responsible" liberals, or "responsible" = conservatives,=20 or neo-conservatives =96 the labels change, but the reality = remains=20 the same) try to preserve an illusion of free choice for the = American public, including a two-party system, and at least = marginal=20 freedom of speech and expression.

The = goal of=20 these "responsible" or "enlightened" moderates has been to=20 participate in the march to statism, while replacing the = older=20 American ideals of free markets, private property, and = limited=20 government with cloudy and noisy rhetoric about the glories = of=20 "democracy," as opposed to the one-party dictatorship of the = Soviet=20 Union.

Indeed,=20 "democracy" is so much the supposed overriding virtue that = advancing=20 "democracy" throughout the globe is now the sole = justification for=20 the "moderate," "bi-partisan," Republicrat policy of global=20 intervention, foreign aid, and trade mercantilism. Indeed, = now that=20 the collapse of the Soviet Union has eliminated the specter = of a=20 Soviet threat, what other excuse for such a policy remains?=20

While everyone=20 is familiar with the bi-partisan, monopoly-cartel foreign = policy=20 that has been dominant since World War II, again pursued = under=20 various excuses (the Soviet threat, reconstruction of = Europe,=20 "helping" the Third World, "free-trade," the global economy, = "global=20 democracy," and always an inchoate but pervasive fear of a = "return=20 to isolationism"), Americans are less familiar with the fact = that=20 the dominant Republican policy during this entire era has = been=20 bi-partisan in domestic affairs as well.

If = we look at=20 the actual record and not the rhetoric, we will find that = the=20 function of the Democrat administrations (especially = Roosevelt,=20 Truman, and Johnson), has been to advance the march to = collectivism=20 by Great Leaps Forward, and in the name of "liberalism"; = while the=20 function of the Republicans has been, in the name of = opposition or=20 small government or "conservatism," to fail to roll back any = of=20 these "social gains," and indeed, to engage in more = big-government=20 collectivizing of their own (especially Eisenhower, Nixon, = Reagan,=20 and Bush). Indeed, it is arguable that Nixon did even more = to=20 advance big government than his earthy Texas = predecessor.

The Illusion=20 of Choice

Why = bother with=20 maintaining a farcical two-party system, and especially why = bother=20 with small-government rhetoric for the Republicans? In the = first=20 place, the maintenance of some democratic choice, however = illusory,=20 is vital for all varieties of social democrats. They have = long=20 realized that a one-party dictatorship can and probably will = become=20 cordially hated, for its real or perceived failures, and = will=20 eventually be overthrown, possibly along with its entire = power=20 structure.

Maintaining two=20 parties means, on the other hand, that the public, growing = weary of=20 the evils of Democrat rule, can turn to out-of-power = Republicans.=20 And then, when they weary of the Republican alternative, = they can=20 turn once again to the eager Democrats waiting in the wings. = And so,=20 the ruling elites maintain a shell game, while the American = public=20 constitute the suckers, or the "marks" for the ruling = con-artists.=20

The = true nature=20 of the Republican ruling elite was revealed when Barry = Goldwater won=20 the Republican nomination for President in 1964. Goldwater, = or the=20 ideologues and rank-and-file of his conservative movement, = were, or=20 at least seemed to be, genuinely radical, small government, = and=20 anti-Establishment, at least on domestic policy. The = Goldwater=20 nomination scared the Republican elites to such an extent = that, led=20 by Nelson Rockefeller, they openly supported Johnson for=20 president.

The = shock to=20 the elites came from the fact that the "moderates," using = their=20 domination of the media, finance, and big corporations, had = been=20 able to control the delegates at every Republican = presidential=20 convention since 1940, often in defiance of the manifest = will of the=20 rank-and-file (e.g., Willkie over Taft in 1940, Dewey over = Taft in=20 1944, Dewey over Bricker in 1948, Eisenhower over Taft in = 1952).=20 Such was their power that they did not, as usually happens = with open=20 party traitors, lose all their influence in the Republican = Party=20 thereafter.

It = was the=20 specter of the stunning loss of Goldwater that probably = accounts for=20 the eagerness of Ronald Reagan or his conservative movement, = upon=20 securing the nomination in 1980, to agree to what looks very = much=20 like a rigged deal (or what John Randolph of Roanoke once = famously=20 called a "corrupt bargain").

The = deal was=20 this: the Republican elites would support their party's = presidential=20 choice, and guarantee the Reaganauts the trappings and = perquisites=20 of power, in return for Reaganaut agreement not to try = seriously to=20 roll back the Leviathan State against which they had so = effectively=20 campaigned. And after 12 years of enjoyment of power and its = perquisites in the executive branch, the Official = Conservative=20 movement seemed to forget whatever principles it = had.

The=20 Parasitic Elite

So = is our=20 message unrelieved gloom? Is everything hopeless, are we all = in the=20 ineradicable grip of the ruling elite, and should we all = just go=20 home and forget the whole thing? Certainly not. Apart from = the=20 immorality of giving up, we have so far not mentioned the = truly=20 optimistic side of this equation. We can begin this way: = even given=20 the necessity of the elite maintaining two parties, why do = they even=20 have to indulge in radical rightist, small-government=20 rhetoric?

After all, the=20 disjunction between rhetoric and reality can become = embarrassing,=20 even aggravating, and can eventually lose the elites the = support of=20 the party rank-and-file, as well as the general public. So = why=20 indulge in the rhetoric at all? Goldwater supporter Phyllis = Schlafly=20 famously called for a "choice, not an echo"; but why does = the=20 Establishment allow radical choices, even in = rhetoric?

The = answer is=20 that large sections of the public opposed the New Deal, as = well as=20 each of the advances to collectivism since then. The = rhetoric is not=20 empty for much of the public, and certainly not for most of = the=20 activists of the Republican Party. They seriously believe = the=20 anti=96big-government ideology. Similarly, much of the = rank-and-file,=20 and certainly the activist Democrats, are more openly, more = eagerly,=20 collectivist than the Democrat elite, or the Demopublican = elite,=20 would desire.

Furthermore,=20 since government interventionism doesn't work, since it is = despotic,=20 counter-productive, and destructive of the interests of the = mass of=20 the people, advancing collectivism will generate an = increasingly=20 hostile reaction among the public, what the media elites = sneer at as=20 a "backlash."

In = particular,=20 collectivist, social democratic rule destroys the = prosperity, the=20 freedom, and the cultural, social, and ethical principles = and=20 practices of the mass of the American people, working and = middle=20 classes alike. Rule by the statist elite is not benign or = simply a=20 matter of who happens to be in office: it is rule by a = growing army=20 of leeches and parasites battening off the income and wealth = of=20 hard-working Americans, destroying their property, = corrupting their=20 customs and institutions, sneering at their = religion.

The = ultimate=20 result must be what happens whenever parasites multiply at = the=20 expense of a host: at first gradual descent into ruin, and = then=20 finally collapse. (And therefore, if anyone cares, = destruction of=20 the parasites themselves.)

Hence, the=20 ruling elite lives chronically in what the Marxists would = call an=20 "inner contradiction": it thrives by imposing increasing = misery and=20 impoverishment upon the great majority of the American=20 people.

The = parasitic=20 elite, even while ever increasing, has to comprise a = minority of the=20 population, otherwise the entire system would collapse very = quickly.=20 But the elite is ruling over, and demolishing, the very = people, the=20 very majority, who are supposed to keep these destructive = elites=20 perpetually in power by periodic exercise of their = much-lauded=20 "democratic" franchise. How do the elites get away with = this, year=20 after year, decade after decade, without suffering severe=20 retribution at the polls?

The Ruling=20 Coalition

A = crucial means=20 of establishing and maintaining this domination is by = co-opting, by=20 bringing within the ruling elite, the opinion-moulding = classes in=20 society. These opinion-moulders are the professional shapers = of=20 opinion: theorists, academics, journalists and other media = movers=20 and shakers, script writers and directors, writers, pundits, = think-tankers, consultants, agitators, and social = therapists. There=20 are two essential roles for these assorted and proliferating = technocrats and intellectuals: to weave apologies for the = statist=20 regime, and to help staff the interventionist bureaucracy = and to=20 plan the system.

The = keys to any=20 social or political movement are money, numbers, and ideas. = The=20 opinion-moulding classes, the technocrats and intellectuals = supply=20 the ideas, the propaganda, and the personnel to staff the = new=20 statist dispensation. The critical funding is supplied by = figures in=20 the power elite: various members of the wealthy or big = business=20 (usually corporate) classes. The very name "Rockefeller = Republican"=20 reflects this basic reality.

While=20 big-business leaders and firms can be highly productive = servants of=20 consumers in a free-market economy, they are also, all too = often,=20 seekers after subsidies, contracts, privileges, or cartels = furnished=20 by big government. Often, too, business lobbyists and = leaders are=20 the sparkplugs for the statist, interventionist = system.

What big=20 businessmen get out of this unholy coalition on behalf of = the=20 super-state are subsidies and privileges from big = government. What=20 do intellectuals and opinion-moulders get out of it? An = increasing=20 number of cushy jobs in the bureaucracy, or in the=20 government-subsidized sector, staffing the = welfare-regulatory state,=20 and apologizing for its policies, as well as propagandizing = for them=20 among the public. To put it bluntly, intellectuals, = theorists,=20 pundits, media elites, etc. get to live a life which they = could not=20 attain on the free market, but which they can gain at = taxpayer=20 expense =96 along with the social prestige that goes with = the=20 munificent grants and salaries.

This is not to deny that = the=20 intellectuals, therapists, media folk, et al., may be = "sincere" ideologues and believers in the glorious coming = age of=20 egalitarian collectivism. Many of them are driven by the = ancient=20 Christian heresy, updated to secularist and New Age = versions, of=20 themselves as a cadre of Saints imposing upon the country = and the=20 world a communistic Kingdom of God on Earth.

It = is, in any=20 event, difficult for an outsider to pronounce conclusively = on anyone=20 else's motivations. But it still cannot be a coincidence = that the=20 ideology of Left-liberal intellectuals coincides with their = own=20 vested economic interest in the money, jobs, and power that=20 burgeoning collectivism brings them. In any case, any = movement that=20 so closely blends ideology and an economic interest in = looting the=20 public provides a powerful motivation indeed.

Thus, the=20 pro-state coalition consists of those who receive, or expect = to=20 receive, government checks and privileges. So far, we have=20 pinpointed big business, intellectuals, technocrats, and the = bureaucracy. But numbers, voters, are needed as well, and in = the=20 burgeoning and expanding state of today, the above groups = are=20 supplemented by other more numerous favored recipients of = government=20 largess: welfare clients and, especially in the last several = decades, members of various minority social groups who are = defined=20 by the elites as being among the "victims" and the=20 "oppressed."

As = more and=20 more of the "oppressed" are discovered or invented by the = Left, ever=20 more of them receive subsidies, favorable regulations, and = other=20 badges of "victimhood" from the government. And as the = "oppressed"=20 expand in ever-widening circles, be they blacks, women, = Hispanics,=20 American Indians, the disabled, and on and on ad = infinitum,=20 the voting power of the Left is ever expanded, again at the = expense=20 of the American majority.

Conning the=20 Majority

Still, despite=20 the growing number of receivers of government largess, the=20 opinion-moulding elites must continue to perform their = essential=20 task of convincing or soft-soaping the oppressed majority = into not=20 realizing what is going on. The majority must be kept = contented, and=20 quiescent. Through control of the media, especially the = national,=20 "respectable" and respected media, the rulers attempt to = persuade=20 the deluded majority that all is well, that any voice except = the=20 "moderate" and "respectable" wings of both parties are = dangerous=20 "extremists" and loonies who must be shunned at all=20 costs.

The = ruling=20 elite and the media try their best to keep the country's = tack on a=20 "moderate . . . vital center" =96 the "center," of course, = drifting=20 neatly leftward decade after decade. "Extremes" of both = Right and=20 Left should be shunned, in the view of the Establishment. = Its=20 attitudes toward both extremes, however, are very=20 different.

The = Right are=20 reviled as crazed or evil reactionaries who want to go = beyond the=20 acceptable task of merely slowing down collectivist change. = Instead,=20 they actually want to "turn back the clock of history" and = repeal or=20 abolish big government. The Left, on the other hand, are = more gently=20 criticized as impatient and too radical, and who therefore = would go=20 too far too fast and provoke a dangerous counter-reaction = from the=20 ever-dangerous Right. The Left, in other words, is in danger = of=20 giving the show away.

The Advent=20 of Clinton

Things were=20 going smoothly for the vital center until the election of = 1992.=20 America was going through one of its periodic revulsions = from the=20 party in power, Bush was increasingly disliked, and the = power elite,=20 from the Rockefellers and Wall Street to the = neo-conservative=20 pundits who infest our press and our TV screens, decided = that it was=20 time for another change. They engaged in a blistering = propaganda=20 campaign against Bush for his tax increases (the same people = ignored=20 Reagan's tax increases) and excoriated him for selling out = the=20 voters' mandate for smaller government (at a Heritage = Foundation=20 event just before the election, for example, an employee = carried a=20 realistic and bloodied head of Bush around on a = platter).

Even more=20 crucially, the elites assured the rest of us that Bill = Clinton was=20 an acceptable Moderate, a "New Democrat," at worst a = centrist who=20 would only supply a nuanced difference from the centrist = Republican=20 Bush, and, at best, a person whom Washington and New York = moderates=20 and conservatives and Wall Street could work = with.

But = the ruling=20 elite, whether Right- or Left-tinged, is neither omnipotent = nor=20 omniscient =96 they goof just like the rest of us. Instead = of a=20 moderate leftist, they got a driven, almost fanatical = leftist=20 administration, propelled by the president's almost maniacal = energy,=20 and the arrogant and self-righteous Hillary's scary blend of = Hard=20 Left ideology and implacable drive for power.

The = rapid and=20 all-encompassing Clintonian shift leftward upset the = Establishment's=20 applecart. The sudden Hard Left move, blended with an = unprecedented=20 nationwide reaction of loathing for Clinton's persona and = character,=20 opened up a gap in the center, and provoked an intense and=20 widespread public detestation of Clinton and of big = government=20 generally.

The = public had=20 been tipped over, and had had enough; it was fed up. An old = friend=20 reminds me that the Republicans could well have campaigned = on the=20 simple but highly effective slogan of their last great party = victory=20 of 1946: "Had Enough? Vote Republican!" In short, the = right-wing=20 populist, semi-libertarian, anti-big government revolution = had been=20 fully launched.

What is the=20 ruling elite to do now? It has a difficult task on its hands = =96 a=20 task which those genuinely devoted to the free market must = be sure=20 to make impossible.

The = ruling=20 elite must do the following. First, it must make sure that, = whatever=20 their rhetoric, the Republican leadership in Congress (and = its=20 eventual presidential nominee) keep matters nicely centrist = and=20 "moderate," and, however they dress it up, maintain and even = advance=20 the big-government program.

Second, at=20 least for the next two years, they must see to it that = Clinton=20 swings back to his earlier New Democrat trappings, and drops = his=20 Hard Left program. In this way, the newly triumphant = centrists of=20 both parties could engage once again in cozy collaboration, = and the=20 financial and media elites could sink back comfortably into = their=20 familiar smooth-sailing, steadily advancing collectivistic=20 groove.

Thwarting=20 Democracy

It = is no=20 accident that both of these courses of action imply the = thwarting of=20 democracy and democratic choice. There is no doubt that the=20 Democratic Party base =96 leftists, minorities, teacher = unions, etc. =96=20 as well the party militants and activists, are clamoring for = the=20 continuation and even acceleration of Clinton's Hard Left=20 program.

On = the other=20 hand, the popular will, as expressed in the sweep of 1994, = by the=20 middle and working class majority, and certainly by the = militants=20 and activists of the Republican Party, is in favor of = rolling back=20 and toppling big government and the welfare state. Not only = that,=20 they are fed up, angry, and determined to do so: that is, = they are=20 in a revolutionary mood.

Have you=20 noticed how the social democratic elites, though eternally = yammering=20 about the vital importance of "democracy," American and = global,=20 quickly turn sour on a democratic choice whenever it is = something=20 they don't like? How quick they then are to thwart the = democratic=20 will, by media smears, calumny and outright coercive=20 suppression.

Since the=20 ruling elite lives by fleecing and dominating the ruled, = their=20 economic interests must always be in opposition. But the = fascinating=20 feature of the American scene in recent decades has been the = unprecedented conflict, the fundamental clash, between the = ruling=20 liberal/intellectual/business/bureaucratic elites on the one = hand,=20 and the mass of Americans on the other. The conflict is not = just on=20 taxes and subsidies, but across the board socially, = culturally,=20 morally, aesthetically, religiously.

In = a=20 penetrating article in the December 1994 Harper's, = the late=20 sociologist Christopher Lasch, presaging his imminent book, = The=20 Revolt of the Elites, points out how the American = elites=20 have been in fundamental revolt against virtually all the = basic=20 American values, customs, and traditions. Increasing = realization of=20 this clash by the American grass roots has fueled and = accelerated=20 the right-wing populist revolution, a revolution not only = against=20 Washington rule, taxes, and controls, but also against the = entire=20 panoply of attitudes and mores that the elite are trying to = foist=20 upon the recalcitrant American public. The public has = finally caught=20 on and is rising up angry.

Prop. 187: A=20 Case Study

California's=20 Proposition 187 provides a fascinating case study of the = vital rift=20 between the intellectual, business, and media elites, and = the=20 general public. There is the massive funding and propaganda = the=20 elites are willing to expend to thwart the desires of the = people;=20 the mobilizing of support by "oppressed" minorities; and = finally,=20 when all else fails, the willingness to wheel in the = instruments of=20 anti-democratic coercion to block, permanently if possible, = the=20 manifest will of the great majority of the American people. = In=20 short, "democracy" in action!

In = recent=20 years, a flood of immigrants, largely illegal, has been = inundating=20 California, some from Asia but mainly from Mexico and other = Latin=20 American countries. These immigrants have dominated and = transformed=20 much of the culture, proving unassimilable and swamping=20 tax-supported facilities such as medical care, the welfare = rolls,=20 and the public schools. In consequence, former immigration = official=20 Harold Ezell helped frame a ballot initiative, Prop. 187, = which=20 simply called for the abolition of all taxpayer funding for = illegal=20 immigrants in California.

Prop. 187=20 provided a clear-cut choice, an up-or-down referendum on the = total=20 abolition of a welfare program for an entire class of people = who=20 also happen to be lawbreakers. If we are right in our = assessment of=20 the electorate, such an initiative should gain the support = of not=20 only every conservative and libertarian, but of every sane = American.=20 Surely, illegals shouldn't be able to leach off the=20 taxpayer.

Support for=20 Prop. 187 spread like wildfire, it got signatures galore, = and it=20 quickly spurted to a 2:1 lead in the polls, although its = organized=20 supporters were only a network of small, grass-roots groups = that no=20 one had ever heard of. But every single one of the = prominent,=20 massively funded elite groups not only opposed Prop. 187, = but also=20 smeared it unmercifully.

The = smearbund=20 included big media, big business, big unions, organized = teachers,=20 organized medicine, organized hospitals, social workers (the = latter=20 four groups of course benefitting from taxpayer funds = channeled to=20 them via the welfare-medical-public school support system),=20 intellectuals, writers, academics, leftists, = neo-conservatives, etc.=20 They denounced Prop. 187 grass-roots proponents as = nativists,=20 fascists, racists, xenophobes, Nazis, you name it, and even = accused=20 them of advocating poverty, starvation, and typhoid=20 fever.

Joining in this=20 richly-funded campaign of hysteria and smear was the entire = official=20 libertarian (or Left-libertarian) movement, including = virtually=20 every "free-market" and "libertarian" think tank except the = Mises=20 Institute. The Libertarian Party of California weighed in = too,=20 taking the remarkable step of fiercely opposing a popular = measure=20 that would eliminate taxpayer funding of illegals, and = implausibly=20 promising that if enough illegals came here, they would = eventually=20 rise up and slash the welfare state.

The = once-consistently libertarian Orange County Register = bitterly=20 denounced Prop. 187 day after day, and vilified Orange = County=20 Republican Congressman Dana Rohrabacher, who had long been = close to=20 the Register and the libertarian movement, for = favoring Prop.=20 187. These editorials provoked an unprecedented number of = angry=20 letters from the tax-paying readership.

For = their part,=20 the neo-conservative and official libertarian think tanks = joined the=20 elite condemnation of Prop. 187. Working closely with = Stephen Moore=20 of the Cato Institute, Cesar Conda of the Alexis de = Tocqueville=20 Institution circulated a statement against the measure that = was=20 signed by individuals at the Heritage Foundation, the = American=20 Enterprise Institute, the Manhattan Institute, the Reason=20 Foundation, and even the Competitive Enterprise=20 Institute.

The = Wall=20 Street Journal denounced the initiative almost as = savagely as=20 did the Establishment liberal Los Angeles Times, = while=20 neo-conservative presidential hopefuls Jack Kemp and Bill = Bennett=20 cut their own political throats by issuing a joint = statement, from=20 the center of the Leviathan, Washington, D.C., urging = Californians=20 to defeat the measure. This act was self-destructive because = Governor Pete Wilson, leading the rest of the California = Republican=20 Party, saved his political bacon by climbing early onto = Prop. 187,=20 and riding the issue to come from far behind to crush = leftist=20 Kathleen Brown.

The = case of the=20 think tanks is a relatively easy puzzle to solve. The big=20 foundations that make large grants to right-of-center = organizations=20 were emphatically against Prop. 187. Also having an = influence was=20 the desire for media plaudits and social acceptance in the = D.C.=20 hothouse, where one wrong answer leads to loss of=20 respectability.

But = the=20 interesting question is why did Kemp and Bennett join in the = campaign against Prop. 187, and why do they continue to = denounce it=20 even after it has passed? After all, they could have said = nothing;=20 not being Californians, they could have stayed out of the=20 fray.

Reliable=20 reports reveal that Kemp and Bennett were "persuaded" to = take this=20 foolhardy stand by the famed William Kristol, in dynastic = and=20 apostolic succession to his father Irving as godfather of = the=20 neo-conservative movement.

It = is=20 intriguing to speculate on the means by which Kristol = managed to=20 work his persuasive wiles. Surely the inducement was not = wholly=20 intellectual; and surely Kemp and Bennett, especially in = dealing=20 with the godfather, have to keep their eye, not simply on = their=20 presidential ambitions, but also on the extremely lucrative = and not=20 very onerous institutional positions that they now = enjoy.

In = the=20 meantime, as per the usual pattern, the ruling elites were = able to=20 mobilize the "oppressed" sectors of the public against Prop. = 187, so=20 that blacks and groups that have been and will continue to = be=20 heavily immigrant, such as Asians and Jews, voted in clear = if modest=20 majorities against the measure.

Voting=20 overwhelmingly against Prop. 187, of course, were the = Hispanics, who=20 constitute the bulk of legal and illegal immigrants into = that state,=20 with many of the illegals voting illegally as well. = Polarizing the=20 situation further, Mexicans and other Hispanics demonstrated = in=20 large numbers, waving Mexican and other Latin American = flags,=20 brandishing signs in Spanish, and generally enraging white = voters.=20 Even the Mexican government weighed in, with the dictator = Salinas=20 and his successor Zedillo denouncing Prop. 187 as a "human = rights=20 violation."

After a massive=20 October blitz by the media and the other elites, media polls = pronounced that Prop. 187 had moved from 2:1 in favor to=20 neck-and-neck, explaining that "once the public had had a = chance to=20 examine Prop. 187, they now realized," and blah blah. When = the smoke=20 had cleared on election night, however, it turned out that = after all=20 the money and all the propaganda, Prop. 187 had passed by = just about=20 . . . 2:1! In short, either the media polls had lied, or, = more=20 likely, the public, sensing the media hostility and the = ideological=20 and cultural clash, simply lied to the pollsters.

The = final and=20 most instructive single point about this saga is simply = this: the=20 elites, having lost abysmally despite their strenuous = efforts, and=20 having seen the democratic will go against them in no = uncertain=20 fashion, quickly turned to naked coercion. It took less than = 24=20 hours after the election for a federal judge to take out = what will=20 be a multi-year injunction, blocking any operation of Prop. = 187,=20 until at some future date, the federal judiciary should rule = it=20 unconstitutional. And, in a couple of years, no doubt the = federal=20 judicial despots, headed by the Supreme Court, will so=20 declare.

So Much for=20 "Democracy"!

To = liberals,=20 neocons, official conservatives, and all elites, once the = federal=20 judiciary, in particular the venerated Supreme Court, = speaks,=20 everyone is supposed to shut up and swallow the result. But = why?=20 Because an independent judiciary and judicial review are = supposed to=20 be sacred, and supply wise checks and balances on other = branches of=20 government?

But = this is the=20 greatest con, the biggest liberal shell game, of all. For = the whole=20 point of the Constitution was to bind the central government = with=20 chains of steel, to keep it tightly and strictly limited, so = as to=20 safeguard the rights and powers of the states, local = communities,=20 and individual Americans.

In = the early=20 years of the American Republic, no political leader or = statesman=20 waited for the Supreme Court to interpret the Constitution; = and the=20 Court did not have the monopoly of interpreting the = Constitution or=20 of enforcing it. Unfortunately, in practice, the federal = judiciary=20 is not "independent" at all. It is appointed by the = President,=20 confirmed by the Senate, and is from the very beginning part = of the=20 federal government itself.

But, as John C.=20 Calhoun wisely warned in 1850, once we allow the Supreme = Court to be=20 the monopoly interpreter of governmental =96 and therefore = of its own=20 =96 power, eventual despotism by the federal government and = its kept=20 judiciary becomes inevitable. And that is precisely what has = happened. From being the instrument of binding down and = severely=20 limiting the power of the federal Leviathan, the Supreme = Court and=20 the rest of the judiciary have twisted and totally = transformed the=20 Constitution into a "living" instrument and thereby a = crucial tool=20 of its own despotic and virtually absolute power over the = lives of=20 every American citizen.

One = of the=20 highly popular measures among the American people these days = is term=20 limits for state and federal legislatures. But the tragedy = of the=20 movement is its misplaced focus. Liberals are right, for = once, when=20 they point out that the public can "limit" legislative terms = on=20 their own, as they did gloriously in the November 1994 = elections, by=20 exercising their democratic will and throwing the rascals=20 out.

But = of course=20 liberals, like official conservatives, cleverly fail to = focus on=20 those areas of government that are in no way accountable to = the=20 American public, and who cannot be thrown out of office by=20 democratic vote at the polls. It is these imperial, swollen, = and=20 tyrannical branches of government that desperately need term = limits=20 and that no one is doing anything about. Namely, the = executive=20 branch which, apart from the president himself by third-term = limit,=20 is locked permanently into civil service and who therefore = cannot be=20 kicked out by the voters; and, above all, the federal = judges, who=20 are there for fourteen years, or, in the case of the ruling = Supreme=20 Court oligarchy, fastened upon us for life.

What we really=20 need is not term limits for elected politicians, but the = abolition=20 of the civil service (which only began in the 1880s) and its = alleged=20 "merit system" of technocratic and bureaucratic elites; and, = above=20 all, elimination of the despotic judiciary.

Why=20 Democracy Anyway?

Across the=20 ideological spectrum, from leftist to liberal to = neo-conservative to=20 official conservative, "democracy" has been treated as a = shibboleth,=20 as an ultimate moral absolute, virtually replacing all other = moral=20 principles including the Ten Commandments and the Sermon on = the=20 Mount. But despite this universal adherence, as Mises = Institute=20 senior fellow David Gordon has pointed out, "virtually no = argument=20 is ever offered to support the desirability of . . . = democracy, and=20 the little that is available seems distressingly weak." The=20 overriding imperative of democracy is considered = self-evident and=20 sacred, apparently above discussion among mere = mortals.

What, in fact,=20 is so great about democracy? Democracy is scarcely a virtue = in=20 itself, much less an overriding one, and not nearly as = important as=20 liberty, property rights, a free market, or strictly limited = government. Democracy is simply a process, a means of = selecting=20 government rulers and policies. It has but one virtue, but = this can=20 indeed be an important one: it provides a peaceful means for = the=20 triumph of the popular will.

Ballots, in the=20 old phrase, can serve as a peaceful and non-disruptive = "substitute=20 for bullets." That is why it makes sense to exhort people = who=20 advocate a radical (in the sense of sharp, not necessarily = leftist)=20 change from the existing polity to "work within the system" = to=20 convince a majority of voters rather than to engage in = violent=20 revolution.

When the voters=20 desire radical change, therefore, it becomes vitally = important to=20 reflect that change quickly and smoothly in political = institutions;=20 blockage of that desire subverts the democratic process = itself, and=20 polarizes the situation so as to threaten or even bring = about=20 violent conflict in society. If ballots are indeed to be a=20 substitute for bullets, then the ballots have to be allowed = to work=20 and take rapid effect.

This is what=20 makes the blockage of voter mandates such as Prop. 187 so = dangerous=20 and destructive. And yet, it is clear that the ruling = elites,=20 failing at the ballot box, are ready and eager to use=20 anti-democratic means to suppress the desires of the=20 voters.

Prop. 187 is=20 only one example. Another is the Gatt treaty setting up a = World=20 Trade Organization to impose global mercantilism, which was=20 overwhelmingly opposed by the voters. It was brought to a = vote in a=20 repudiated and lame-duck Congress, by politicians who, as = Mises=20 Institute president Lew Rockwell pointed out, were virtually = wearing=20 price tags around their necks.

No = doubt that=20 the federal judiciary would find nothing unconstitutional = about=20 this. But it is ready to manufacture all sorts of = constitutional=20 "rights" which appear nowhere in the Constitution and are = soundly=20 opposed by the electorate. These include the right to an = education,=20 including the existence of well-funded public schools; the = right of=20 gays not to be discriminated against; civil rights, = affirmative=20 action, and on and on.

Here we need=20 deal only with the famous Roe v. Wade decision, in = which the=20 Supreme Court manufactured a federal "right" to abortion; = ever since=20 the founding of the Constitution, matters such as these were = always=20 considered part of the jurisdiction of state governments and = the=20 police power. The federal government is only supposed to = deal with=20 foreign affairs and disputes between states.

As=20 Washington Times columnist and Mises Institute = adjunct=20 scholar Samuel Francis has pointed out, the horror at=20 anti-abortionists employing violence against abortion = doctors and=20 clinics is appropriate, but misses the crucial point: = namely, that=20 those who believe that abortion is murder and should be = outlawed=20 were told, like everyone else, to be peaceful and "work = within" the=20 democratic system. They did so, and persuaded voters and=20 legislatures of a number of states to restrict or even = outlaw=20 abortion.

But = all of this=20 has been for nought, because the unelected, unaccountable,=20 life-tenured Supreme Court has pronounced abortion a federal = right,=20 thereby bypassing every state legislature, and everyone is = now=20 supposed to roll over and play dead. But in that case, = aren't such=20 anti-democratic pronouncements of the Supreme Court despots = an open=20 invitation to violence?

In = response to=20 violence by a few anti-abortionists, the pro-abortion = movement has=20 come dangerously close to calling for suppression of free = speech:=20 since they claim that those who believe that abortion is = murder are=20 really responsible for the violence since they have created = an=20 ideological atmosphere, a "climate of hate," which sets the = stage=20 for violence. But the shoe, of course, is really on the = other foot.=20 The stage, the conditions for the violence, have been set, = not by=20 anti-abortion writers and theorists, but by the absolute = tyrants on=20 the Supreme Court and those who weave apologetics for that = absolute=20 rule.

It = was not=20 always thus. The truly democratic spirit of the Old Republic = was=20 much better expressed in the famous words of President = Andrew=20 Jackson about the leading big-government man of that epoch: = "Mr.=20 Justice Marshall has made his decision; now let him enforce=20 it."

What To Do=20 About the Judiciary

An = essential=20 ingredient of a truly effective revolution is that something = must be=20 done about the tyrannical judiciary. It is not enough, = though vital,=20 to advocate other essential legislative measures to roll = back and=20 abolish big government and the welfare state. The federal = judiciary=20 must be defanged for any of these programs to = work.

Assuming that=20 public pressure and voting can gain working control of = Congress, it=20 must then proceed against the federal judiciary. How? = Impeachment is=20 much too slow and cumbersome a process, and can only be done = judge=20 by judge. A constitutional amendment, to be submitted by = Congress or=20 the required number of states, the favorite goal of the term = limits=20 and Prop. 187 movements, is better, but is also very slow = and can be=20 blocked by a minority of the people. The swiftest and most = direct=20 path would be for Congress to act, as it can without = cumbersome=20 amendments, to remove virtually the entire jurisdiction of = the=20 federal judiciary.

Thus, if it is=20 so desired, Congress can repeal the various federal = judiciary acts=20 and pass a new one returning the federal courts to their = original=20 very narrow and limited jurisdiction. And while, within the=20 Constitution, Congress has to pay each Supreme Court member = his=20 existing salary, it can, using its appropriation power, = strip the=20 judges of all staff, clerks, buildings, perquisites, = etc.

Furthermore,=20 the Constitution only mandates a Supreme Court; Congress can = abolish=20 the rest of the federal judiciary, including the district = and=20 appeals courts, and thereby effectively crush the power of = the=20 Supreme Court by leaving it alone to try to handle all the = thousands=20 of cases that come annually before the federal courts. In a = war=20 between Congress and the federal courts, Congress possesses = all the=20 trump cards.

Has the=20 Revolution Already Been Betrayed?

It = took less=20 than twenty-four hours for the great, peaceful, democratic, = popular=20 revolution against big government and all its works to be = betrayed.=20 Not just by the courts, but most strikingly by the = leadership among=20 Republican Congressmen and Senators now positioned to thwart = the=20 will of the new Republicans whom the public installed to = carry out=20 their wishes. The leadership was egged on by our old friend = William=20 Kristol, who, at every post-election speech, urged = Republicans not=20 to go on "kamikaze" or "suicide" missions against big = government.=20 Instead, he urged them to focus on institutional reforms, = win=20 symbolic victories against one or two programs, slowly build = public=20 support for new reforms, etc.

And = what should=20 be the goal of all this tinkering and maneuvering? The goal, = as he=20 told an Empower America audience, is for Republicans to win = back the=20 White House in 1996. To Kristol and his friends, power for = its own=20 sake is the sole end of politics. What about limited = government,=20 liberty, property, and the like? Those are fine ideas to = feed the=20 conservative masses, but they have no relevance to=20 "governing."

While the=20 rank-and-file of conservatives has long caught on to Bob = "High Tax"=20 Dole, the major and dangerous betrayer of the Revolution is = Newt=20 Gingrich, who often engages in fiery, revolutionary, = rightist=20 rhetoric while actually collaborating with and sidling up to = the=20 collectivist welfare state. In the eighties, his spending = record was=20 not especially conservative and, indeed, was below average = for=20 Republicans. Recall too that the major legislative victory = of this=20 self-proclaimed "free trader" was the imposition of trade = sanctions=20 on South Africa, which he and Jack Kemp worked so hard=20 for.

Unfortunately,=20 the conservative public is all too often taken in by mere = rhetoric=20 and fails to weigh the actual deeds of their political = icons. So the=20 danger is that Gingrich will succeed not only in betraying, = but in=20 conning the revolutionary public into thinking that they = have=20 already won and can shut up shop and go home. There are a = few=20 critical tests of whether Gingrich or his "contract" is = really, in=20 actual deed, keeping faith with the revolution or whether = he, or the=20 other Republican leaders, are betraying it.

Taxes.=20 Are tax rates, especially income taxes, substantially = reduced (and,=20 as soon as possible, abolished)? More important, is total = tax=20 revenue substantially reduced? Unfortunately, all the = Republican=20 leaders, including Gingrich, are still firmly committed to = the axiom=20 underlying the disastrous Bush-Democrat budget agreement of = 1990:=20 that any cut in tax revenue anywhere must be "balanced" by = increased=20 taxes, or "fees," or "contributions," somewhere else. So, in = addition to big tax cuts in income taxes, no new or = increased taxes=20 should be proposed in any other area.

Government=20 Spending. There must be big cuts in federal government = spending,=20 and that means real cuts, "cut-cuts," and not "capping," = cuts in the=20 rate of growth of spending, cuts in projected increases,=20 consolidations, spending transfers, and all the rest of the = nonsense=20 that has altered the meaning of the simple word "cut." So = far,=20 "revolutionary" Gingrich has only talked about capping some = spending=20 to allow "cost of living" increases and transferring = spending=20 responsibilities from one agency or level of government to=20 another.

But = do I mean,=20 horrors! cuts in defense, cuts in Social Security, cuts in = Medicare,=20 and all the rest? Yes, yes, and yes. It would be simplest = and most=20 effective to pass, say, an immediate, mandated 30% federal = spending=20 cut, to take effect in the first year. The slash would = override any=20 existing entitlements, and the bureaucrats could work out = their=20 hysteria by deciding what should be cut within this 30%=20 mandate.

Deregulation.=20 Deregulation of business and of individuals should be = massive and=20 immediate. There is no conceivable worthy argument for = gradualism or=20 "phasing in" in this area. It goes without saying that all = unfunded=20 mandates to states or individuals should be abolished = forthwith. All=20 "civil rights," disabilities "rights," regulations, etc. = should be=20 abolished. The same goes for any ballot or campaign = regulations, let=20 alone "reforms." Regulations and controls on labor = relations,=20 including the Norris-LaGuardia anti-injunction act and the = sainted=20 National Labor Relations Act, should be = abolished.

Privatization. = A serious=20 move should be made to privatize federal government = operations, and=20 if not, to turn them over to the states, or at least, to = private=20 competition. A clear example would be the losing, = inefficient,=20 backward Postal Service. Federal public lands is another = excellent=20 example. Divesting federal assets, in addition to being a = great good=20 in itself, and aiding the Western anti-federal land = revolution,=20 would also help lower government expenditures.

Cutting the=20 Bureaucracy. Again, capping, or slowing the rate of = increase, of=20 government employees, doesn't make a cut. There must be = massive=20 reductions, including abolition of entire useless and=20 counter-productive government agencies. As a good start, how = about=20 abolishing the Departments of Energy, Education, HUD, Health = and=20 Human Services, and Commerce? And that means abolishing = their=20 functions as well. Otherwise, in a typical bureaucratic = trick, the=20 same functions would be shuffled to other existing = departments or=20 agencies,

Racial=20 Preferences and Gun Control. Every honest pollster has = to admit=20 that these two issues were crucially important in the = election,=20 especially among a segment of the white male population who = had=20 previously evinced little interest in politics. Any = government that=20 denies a person the right to defend himself against private = and=20 public intrusion, and also prevents students and workers = from=20 realizing gains from their own hard work and study, is not a = morally=20 legitimate government. Yet at the urging of the Republican = elite,=20 the party has said nothing on these two issues. Gingrich = himself has=20 pledged not to repeal the Brady Bill, and the subject of=20 civil-rights socialism is still banned from public = discussion.=20 Republicans are well positioned to break the ban, but the = leadership=20 is not interested in doing so.

Ending=20 Counterfeit Money. Money is the most important single = feature of=20 the economy, and one way in which the government finances = its own=20 deficits and creates perpetual inflation is through what is=20 essentially the printing of counterfeit money. To end this = critical=20 and destructive feature of statism and government = intervention, we=20 must return to a sound, free market money, which means a = return to a=20 gold-coin standard for the dollar and the abolition of = another=20 crucial despotic federal agency not subject to popular or=20 Congressional control: the Federal Reserve System, by which = the=20 government cartelizes and subsidizes the banking system. = Short of=20 abolition of the Fed, its operations should be "capped" or = frozen,=20 that is, it should never be allowed to purchase more=20 assets.

Foreign=20 Intervention, Including Foreign Aid and International=20 Bureaucracies. Here is yet another case where all the=20 "respectable" ruling elites, be they bureaucrats, academics, = think=20 tanks, big media, big business, banks, etc. are in total and = admitted conflict with the general public. Under cover of = the=20 alleged necessity for "bi-partisanship," the elites have = imposed=20 intervention, foreign aid, internationally managed trade, = and=20 approaches to world economic and even political government, = against=20 the wishes of the great majority of the American = public.

In = every case,=20 from the United Nations and the Marshall Plan to Nafta and = GATT, the=20 Republican leadership has gone in lockstep with the = Democrats. As a=20 result, Clinton was able to wheel in every ex-President, = regardless=20 of party, to agitate for each new measure of his. And at = each step=20 of the way, the President and the elites have threatened = disaster to=20 the world if each step is even delayed. And so far they have = gotten=20 away with it, despite the wishes of the public.

Using the above=20 checklist, and sticking to these guidelines, every reader = can easily=20 decide for himself whether Gingrich, Dole, et al. have = betrayed, or=20 have cleaved to, the popular anti-big government, = anti-Washington=20 revolution. Forget such unenforceable diversions and = gimmicks as the=20 balanced-budget amendment, changing committee names, = imposing new=20 laws on Congress, or such relative trivia as the = capital-gains tax=20 cut, and look to real tax cuts, really balanced budgets, = repealed=20 regulations, and eliminated agencies.

The = clearest=20 test of whether the revolution has already been betrayed is = to look=20 at the truly outrageous action of Gingrich and Dole in = betraying not=20 only the popular revolution, but even their own recent = victory. For=20 they have scrambled, not only to pass the Clinton-Bush = Gatt/WTO, but=20 also to defy their own voters by agreeing to rush it through = a=20 totally discredited, Democrat-run, lame-duck Congress. The = usual=20 media outlets were strangely silent on the views of the = American=20 public, but an independent poll showed that 75% of the = people=20 opposed what as essentially a criminal procedure.

The = disgusting=20 spectacle of the defeated and discredited Tom Foley = presiding over=20 the shoving through of Gatt, with the help of Gingrich and = Dole, and=20 with the aid of the unconstitutional "fast track," was too = much to=20 bear. Foley is now lounging at home on the $123,804 pension = he is=20 "entitled" to for his years of government "service." Even = after we=20 kick them out of office, we can't stop these leeches from = voting for=20 global government schemes and sucking the blood of the=20 taxpayer!

In = this=20 shocking and abject surrender to the Executive, Congress = agreed to=20 cut its own throat by depriving itself (and all its = constituents) of=20 the power to discuss and amend this monstrous treaty and = even to=20 collude in calling it an "agreement," so they can violate = the clear=20 constitutional requirement for a two-thirds vote of the=20 Senate.

The = elites can=20 generally count on liberals to support big-government = legislation=20 like Gatt, Nafta, and the rest of the = mercantilist-managerial=20 apparatus of global economic control. But we must not = forget, as the=20 Wall Street Journal bragged the day of the Senate = vote, that=20 "The House GOP has now provided the bulk of votes for Bill = Clinton's=20 two notable achievements =96 Nafta and GATT."

The = rank and=20 file is not at fault for these travesties of multinational = statism.=20 Many decent Republicans, including the others from = Gingrich's state,=20 voted against the treaty. But Gingrich will now use his = power to=20 punish such dissenters, and the incident will not be the = last plunge=20 taken by the Republican leadership into the politics of=20 betrayal.

What Should=20 Be Done?

The = above=20 assessment does not mean that there is no hope, that nothing = can be=20 done. On the contrary, what can and must be done is to = mobilize the=20 radical and revolutionary sentiment among the people. We = need to=20 translate the public's deeply held views into continuing = pressure=20 upon the government, especially on the Senators and = Congressmen they=20 have recently elected.

Among the=20 freshman Congressmen, in particular, there are many genuine=20 rightists and populists who sincerely burn to roll back big=20 government, and who are not beholden to the Gingriches and = the=20 Rockefellers of the Republican Establishment. The voters and = their=20 organizations, aided by the truly conservative members of = Congress,=20 could keep pressuring the political elites to start putting = into=20 effect, instead of blocking, the will of the very voters = that put=20 them into power. If not, they can be swept away.

But = nothing can=20 be done without education. It is the crucially important = task of=20 conservative or libertarian intellectuals, think tanks, and = opinion=20 leaders such as the Mises Institute, to educate the public,=20 businessmen, students, academics, journalists, and = politicians about=20 the true nature of what is going on, and about the vicious = nature of=20 the bi-partisan ruling elites.

We = must=20 remember that the elites are a minority of the population; = they have=20 gotten away with their deceit and their misinformation = because they=20 have been in effective control of the institutional (media,=20 intellectuals, etc.) channels that mould public = opinion.

Most of the=20 public have already come to a healthy suspicion and distrust = of all=20 the elites, and of their tendency to deceive and betray. But = this=20 mood of healthy distrust is not enough; the public and the = worthy=20 people in the media, academia, and politics, also have to = understand=20 what is really going on. In particular, they have to realize = what=20 measures would fulfill the popular will and carry through = its=20 desired revolution; what measures could only divert and = scuttle the=20 revolution against big government; and why and how the = ruling=20 opinion moulders have been deceiving them.

The = Mises=20 Institute, small as it is, is uniquely positioned to lead = this=20 education revolution. It is not beholden to government = grants, big=20 corporate interests, or even to the large foundations. That = means it=20 cannot be dictated to. Though relatively poor in overall = resources,=20 the Mises Institute possesses the most important assets of = all:=20 clarity of purpose and independence.

In = the 12 years=20 of its existence, Lew Rockwell carefully guarded these two = assets,=20 relying entirely on the financial support of principled = individuals=20 and unconnected businesses, and he has done this to the = astonishment=20 and anger of Left-liberals, official conservatives, and the = legions=20 of politico-think-tankers and Left-intellectuals on the=20 make.

In = all these=20 tasks, the Mises Institute has already been extraordinarily=20 effective. Standing virtually alone, and with severely = limited=20 resources, the Mises Institute has had a remarkably strong=20 ideological impact. Just one example: the Mises Institute = was first=20 in print back in January with a sweeping denunciation of the = World=20 Trade Organization that not only exposed the present attempt = to=20 impose global trade management, but also delved into its = history,=20 tracing the WTO back through the 1970s, the 1940s, and even = back to=20 Woodrow Wilson's "World Trade Tribunal."

That article,=20 along with the rest of the Mises Institute's work, defined = the=20 debate on the Right, Left, and center. Even one day before = the House=20 vote, an Associated Press story, in its section providing = historical=20 perspective, plagiarized from the Mises Institute virtually = word for=20 word.

The = Institute=20 didn't win =96 although it gave Clinton and his allies in = the=20 Republican Party plenty of trouble =96 but it did mobilize = the=20 American people and make sure that the revolution against = big=20 government will continue and intensify. And at its = intellectual head=20 will be the Institute.

By = simply=20 entering the public and intellectual debate from a = principled and=20 consistent libertarian and free-market perspective, the = Mises=20 Institute has already exposed the lies of that multitude of=20 statists, would-be world planners, neo-Keynesian economists, = left-over Marxists, and pretenders who dare to use such = glorious=20 words as "liberty, . . free markets," and "free trade" to = connive at=20 the exact opposite.

The = word=20 "liberal" was stolen from us by the social democrats a long = time=20 ago. Now we are in danger of these other words being filched = from us=20 as well. Only light from those dedicated to the truth can = dispel=20 this fog.

The = Mises=20 Institute has already been exerting the greatest ideological = and=20 political leverage per person and per dollar of any = organization in=20 this country. Any increase in its resources will be = multiplied=20 beyond measure in degree of impact.

Those who=20 stress the importance of ideas in society and politics tend = to=20 concentrate solely on the long run, on future generations. = All that=20 is true and important and must never be forgotten. But ideas = are not=20 only for the ages; they are vitally important in the=20 here-and-now.

In times of revolutionary ferment in = particular,=20 social and political change tends to be sudden and swift. = The=20 elections of November 1994 are only one striking example. = The Mises=20 Institute has a unique and glorious opportunity to make its = ideas =96=20 of liberty, of free markets, of private property =96 count = right now,=20 and to help take back our glorious America from those who = have=20 betrayed its soul and its spirit.

Murray N.=20 Rothbard (1926=961995) was the author of Man,=20 Economy, and State, Conceived=20 in Liberty, What=20 Has Government Done to Our Money, For a = New=20 Liberty, The=20 Case Against the Fed, and many other books = and=20 articles. He was also = the editor=20 =96 with Lew Rockwell =96 of The=20 Rothbard-Rockwell Report.

Murray=20 Rothbard Archives=20 =

Back to LewRockwell.com Home=20 Page

------=_NextPart_000_021D_01CA1941.7F7CBB90 Content-Type: image/gif Content-Transfer-Encoding: base64 Content-Location: http://www.lewrockwell.com/buttons/lewrock2002b75.gif R0lGODlhnQEiAIf/AAICMn5+kgICgkZGhjo6XkJCqgICWra2yiIijl5eqnp6sh4eWlpagpqaugIC lh4eQiIinl5evgICRgICblpalm5uqtbW4oqKshIShk5Otjo6hqqqwh4ebhISnj4+mlpadg4ORg4O cm5umsbG1jIyog4OOjo6enp6wk5OnpaWpQICkBISWl5etnZ2uEZGrCIilm5ug25uxgICVFpapHZ2 rK6uykZGnQICQR4eaKKiwAoKli4ungICfObm6pKSthISjk5OujIylx4efBISon5+pjo6agICaMrK 3r6+0ioqi2ZmqoKCsh4eVQICTm5usrKyvw4Ofnp6yg4OkGJio+bm7gICOg4Oij4+sioqYFpakGZm wgICdh4ehCoqcA4OTmZmpjIyrkZGcmZmt0ZGtm5ukEZGppaWvFZWuzo6mhoaowYGNAICikZGZgIC Yra20l5espqawgYGniIipgYGR3Jyq0JCpsrK2g4OQpaWrAYGkBISai4ul3Z2wl5eo6KixgoKnioq SlZWrioqZhoakioqekZGbCoqUhoallZWpoKCrioqqkZGkoKCxtLS4oKCzu7u8m5uojo6skZGfBIS dg4OYnp6rn5+mjo6Zh4eYlpaih4eSlpanjo6jh4edlpafm5uinZ2sioqkrKyxh4einZ2yiYmkmJi rH5+swYGmmJiwQYGbtra5o6Otq6uxhYWmkJCnBISRhISbsrK0xISPlJSokpKrgYGVrKyy0pKngYG Qg4OmgYGfpaWtDY2mAYGasLC1mpqroaGsxISfH5+yurq8UJCtBISUmpquEpKolpavh4epiYmqVpa sh4eji4uqiYmlnJyxlJSuhYWos7O3gYGTnJysmpqwgYGdmpqpjY2rkpKtgYGigYGYrq60p6ewhIS Qqamxg4OnhISYn5+rgICNn5+lgIChkZGijo6YkJCrgICXra2ziIikh4eXlpahpqavgICmgICSgIC clpamm5uroqKthISijo6iqqqxh4eclpaeg4OSm5unjIypjo6fv///yH5BAEAAP8ALAAAAACdASIA AAj/AP8JHEiwoMGDCBMqXMiwocOHECNKnEixosWLGDNq3Mixo8ePIEOKHEmypMmTKFOqXMmypcuX MGPKnEmzps2bOHMKpBdl2LAo0IJCsxZBG5ghOiNeIOUTqFBoMaJKjWENGLBKrIglFVgDWs8opGJo OXNFTp+tFHk2FUvWbEG1P9mWPYs2qRJrUbWk2hvhTDFFf1TUbRhMS1Rre1NFSHYmGpDH0c4km3wm Q7EpVJK2SoUXcQQgkZTBmzc4oinDYj+HHl3wdF7VokmXxokocmNtuMdkU+bA3JbZCsdFZgwEd7Er YJYpW74MzJVi2sYUS/4sc05w2oA0BqJb9JoswB3W/z5zezc8c+AJji8vGn14m6/AZJsPBoyzZUNU 8Jig7v1BOtlEEkk29SkixxDwqGCOOWuoEEcaisiXnDSoJKFTDhHS50wa8KzBQ3r+JfRKNldcEcmG HW4BokAjlngih2uoGOJMe3QwhDRD5PiHA2vIo44MTcxI0BdpFJkGjjv6ZoQ66rQhjwAq/JHGcggq eEtOcPwRzo3ShNPbfisKSVAQUyqTxhBfGuFOQWQud2aaa4r5kg3NSAEPKqgk6Fsb1DDBhJz/0MGO FHHEkaeCPBixAh6MZiKMCvBo6aUKAnyYExVmmIFKoQnyIM8EYQK6DhzhlIqKfvK0EedAo5Yazqme qv8KKEx9/GHrqQL4+KdFI9ziq1Yy9eHqqeYkigNBVOjiaoICbGHEsQ0Rc8ABvqYUTgcdBMbDFvKE mlOvvzokDZKoymrQuENom+qqNElL7ZV1TYFuYLmqs8BEq5jRQmqTJRMINvggNEI1ChQMSjX0KIEI Mh4QtETB9JhCyxQE0QGKAqAobEMQBRGJJI/bclCQB8uk4aWHS2KyUA5LnEDKUFroxYIS9Tj0SA6n tDBUKqbQcMsI9AAzAzIcG2RkOPpxC143MwBTzcEJD+3BOAL9YrHBCCvMsMMQS0zxQFdnjIgNeySU 775aLDbZvwErJIeZSMfK7kBvm1zu3BTdnPPOPf//HPTQRSfEssswy0yzQmYQjHE1dAQNjBIjCLTB Ei2ExcIUbQ+UrwJ8xJDKDDQ4hE3dSNd7b0RmOEKKFtEgB0Yk0GlTjA3dGFSDYVBZo0UyRinTwUAj 9LR679MMZE1QWgBxlGAEjQ63AwoKIERBLmQjR9z8yXBJQvgwMgwp1iRT3Bi4PaZNAUssZIb30Iwl +xgZnGFKKq3zdtAyyuW3bbf/eDNGBNZADO+cQSG64CMVMcjd7nr3O4EE73taIJ7xkKe8/CAkdatr XX1gZxzaJUQR+bvbQUCoDP2tCyPrG0b7zvC++M2vfg7gnvfAJ77olK846ENIMPACFb2kol81MMMx /4JClb5kQBtfEAgxghEFoHjuDGMAwx6so5AKkLB0qWoHRIhxCtWlohhy+MOdpKEI2F3BGRAIRkHw oZ3JOOYvHXBADAWyBORFYzfh+No/khGBzzgDFR4qiBWV04EEqUAFzRiIBejQumX8IUZtkIEEPqFD R0QhBsn4y5mkoQxnRKJE2VBEL6hIEGIswZIxIAt+tqQMMBSjGNlIgwMEcBAwgFAaSeOfNyIRPxbu 5ksUEAh2JJOMNyoijnP8Rx3bd0dl5HEgfPQjIHlgEC56EYxiRAUZzYhGNdbyPriU2zeXEc4TVsSU qFTlEFjpSljKkpYHCQYqM6mITXbyk1cI5SgNIv+cfp1hfK8sQ3ZsE43ovLIY46gBC/hCnOk4M5EL oYMt5dABSsnDCCp7iAKAkoorpIFSGphHM8hIIPzoAF4CyYF8BFTSwDBoIGJATFt29IOBGMcZ8BDA BNpQEIkaCEHQcwAqlHGFaPQRNO2ZgAHiAQKELOEnyXNG3HgAJVRAyD5ykMYgSCkQBUAwA854JA/G ag4HbKlTRjhIScPpKfDAwZOwlAMqzHHRNqTHGxFiaXJcugaYyrQsNLWp7HCqU54WZKPQ6OhHBRDS kSqipEM4qVonJEKDrLWyFPHq6sAqVrKatUqJOshToxDVqVb1qs7I6lZ7SqLjDGiiR5rSMiJUH/v/ OMMZ/ZgPgeQzH2c4k0coRQgNspHa/OQKow9pAFS++FEeDGAgpUjD26rEBYKQ6lro6tBY4fkOxmjD ejs65BEEEgkwyAEePIhkkAgy3OIaUgUO+IMcsvHKSCgCTYmSwRyecBDlJlYby3BAemWwAhxMQAAO GIIysrqjRRREuZ7Thhz0E8kiMKAL8hirs340WUXgslJbCOY0KkAHXMgyvU3YBxPIIBBN/aED2fUQ VQXSXV+GEXoqGO8/ynveAa93IBBmrn6eK5DoTjdB1bWsLctproIQyMOYlUiQJUxhGVgYwxpekgwM 4t9UAFjAkSzwgRO8YGk0uGNTkkPdOnCqNQhA/wDmgO8fbnSkdcJDjod0QBxgbGYVeMhb7CXugSyK XIeIYXdjkMMs5WGHgZwCHndGFA94MZAjbCIJ8MXztggRzH/0AQjTSUMcoNegTQiEDkH4gzmMEA8C 6KMg7T1QgtZgDgGswazSlUMatGUEQcgCIYcuSoB5oI54lEMgPXgUKnQEPXM0GqZp+zKx48FfgZDB CG0wgAziEY8OS2OWY5XNP5Ag1VU3ARY9IIgd5oFpOUJv053+dKhH7WcVmDpQqV51q19NkEMnI9GL fvY/Hh3pYk1ayVAWJ8KZjLeHBFvaxa72P66d7W13uyAPH3axj/2PZKtg2elqtsD/YYY+lGJYIP/D tjpwEAsoCTUOs/bUBPSQDx406E4gk0cXFkKD8uKHUs6CFkN+4V0wxO03A7mFn7dlhKZLoiBUyDP0 KqUBgTRCdmBIAypwfMiaCmQH6DVALg4y3OSgiVKeyjCU4BEHMQJd6AUhOguNbo4JyKAQBBlHfDsw qUp1+h9yN4qq7Y6OguDgR02QgAQOUt569gbO966HC4wuACMYI90GiXqm0V71f1w91Fs/ZNcHAnYe iN0ggTd60giidA85y+kGaTzDGb/kKEMk9YOXQeEJcnggKT7uRQ9H3e+e97333VIFmcIQ+A4rpRYB 8+eAlKEU5KwV/Poft7g1nhA1AbgfpBLIwc//l7r/YB+wIhiVoMNAxiE787heCELgwijs4aGLqsMA BsgoQTix+TWsIQ8CUQmhxnV5Fge1Aw4BtgXEZxDgZ3YgMwHigAe8IAI213/bQgQHwX6wxBs6ZQB4 UBDSUCReUizyQAgDUQntxxv7YQCWUBC3kAWZ4A4MwAAHkU+O539rMAP/EAzRQXd6gHkHwX945n8A +A8CmHUECF8G+A8I6AAKiHcFgYIbqF1bAH/yR3+esiT4p38DYYOLdVEN54WE1nANoYG/tIItyHow KIM0mHcpOEtK9YEEEYImM347VxDOIw1xoB9xOBBmAA+lQi8+0oYCkQdxEA5Jsh/ex0+6IX4y/9YJ hxUF1hANWTcQPbdkXyIParcgzYJtMvCJW+aCmRZUqBA6dQAG31ZrtgZf8NABOjgDyqACRtAE11cQ 49CIaOIh5CcQQhBn7uZn5gAFXPUPZUdOhCaHAzFRFZWFQkcHsmdRbYCMDzEGZyRL/qcCM1AJJGJf SHMNIyeKvyhUpoiKj7eKDtCKrxiLs1iLlih7mbiJteYskfSJBmAQY/Ais+QsmXAQ97gh+WgE+zgR lwhluRKNEFGMH3ZR0vgPylgui+hTzlQuyAgHRdIlY0gQoTAucUSCIqMQS5ABkSB+0ZNkA6EA0JAM kWBBAlEBy6BrSFMsqpAFWUABFDAPFCCTMf84g4RIEKNwjpAWB0PwCt1AQPrhDzUXZ5EiDTtABWEl AG2wKwaxBNoQkrnoKULHC774i4d0bwTBknCDKFtAaQQxlcsQDjFiBPk3ENiAPxFJgmIJEaDmj7Rm DhhgVXJQMoGxBsIwjAPRk5DGdkE5lOFklDyAlH+glEz5B04JlV1pIHYDkzJJkzaJk2yIN9pQjZkY kAVxmf5IgpoZEYPUlp7ylg3hlY+5LaT5D2Rpls5iAFoUhdNxPWg3AW+JV4Q0fp+JBm8jDczCA/mw EMHQSHEkehA1EKAQQbEITzuYI68ClhRxCueICi8mXa8QTkbAC7xQmB8XDtKFArgkDzJASfH/BARX sAzDWSy/ORD3kGd/eWcOoGMDAQfr5HZzKW7/MAKZtAyoUHkG0ASEGAzM2Wa1Bgm2GAzgwJcCAUXk aHDn8CjR6Z4qYA8ICp13Mp1yUJ36cZ3ZGWeowJ1y4J0qAJ7iWRD1gCPNWSxIFxHRUAxy2SzesqIt KiMFQQy3MC3U0grgkAOkVKLrJKACQKB5Z6B8KZ+IOGsLYp/4WQz6yZ9N4AlRuZo8UilvCQ6hdCBT h3wCYQP3oXV+Jj0JUQnA8AagcT3uiQqu4AGIoAR0UA3HEA2ENQEDQQVa6WYCMHKN0AgOYSfSyWdx oygCEQIcGg7jEjfq4AUH4QNKwAxjGg6z/yYA19AJ/CAQR8CedxJ6VsAFwZUHSagCUkBFdJAMHhWi S3UDEkcF7kmA9lBK/7UMg8AJVKNEvvJvzmBc+5EJPTAJ2glfeAIPP2AG8EkQevpig5qhK/CngTqs xGaoB2GqeNaldUoQd6oQv1ADfkFAesID/kCa01qtvIko2eqCXsFRRjEEZoAspyp6EaqqXsaqrloQ moquh9SpYAOqHyUPoypx/2ABNVABoFGWpGYO82AGxQMOJ0JOhmQO92AGbiAQyGBLyhBeepkpB5EA BbUb4ZVn4SAHkaANbxRgOtUfA8EJc/lmcGYhSlQLV6AIhzAKGpAFqTkQmyBHf8kjWxBJ4v8pAr4I ae9mBDLAb7ZYHOD1r/sDIusJr9FzcAMxD5y4IPAVDiQwDsEgBhFQDLG4BQYgATegCQUhsgvCIIcU B6+ApyPgBF6mCOfBA3+HD0WXihu2Jj2gB1ugnc1qDn9HEDHrk3cGSeEpEDjLipGWXz5rEFyriiU7 EMSAsirLsi5LEDMAalnXqGnHuI7LIV0qcwVRA6kQM/kZGOW6f3PptQ4StvdJttpgtsUSJpuwtL7o tFArtVSrAlaLtVpLEInwT+U5KbQGZypAMX7gWxRySHSqAgjAIiWDuwZHTQbRsLJZKWNFVbcmqGey h4mibciyCxq2XSrwAhXwBemQssv4KaL/gBBUsA1+Rmv7oQ5NMAcEAQU4SIJtkHjsaInm9ZIadlHY ppl2wInNyy0TcJ0FIQzbErc25wDS4EknYpb2KgFVoAbxawfWuy3OS8CulAFRlB/OQglACA7I4R2x 0p9O2nF6kGFUVb/eMr7lWyz8kb7r276xAr8JQQUPLMBQor3c672oMgHBhQtgoAy4si392wZpNRA6 zMNotwU/DLIDAQ7HkQ2OZFGp6cDXa2sSXAwUvDwXDIQDAcBbIMC3VsACIlU9crULHL/DdV9fUr9x Sxqkcq37k2FJtgfhxbyf0nQH0QtY1HRA3HTyELdvNlbZ0wQXl3Sq0HRGMAGFiWsl1Bvy/8hiCXEP ILZT23YDbEAQFPDIkRQPN2AICPEFI/h6bdAG9/eJO3kOMtd096dtC9kDsUDIExC3t5a3+XUD5KAG +CrIrLwFa1cqKRJJ1ICv3sCl+4GW2yYBPisKvtC/eHx/ZOjIPnzJkkzJlhzJmqwQtzDITWfIZcWd iawkbcDIA2HHhIZt2iYD9TgQQXDH4gyKBfHLSSKPHmgQ1XzLucyoetvLB6HKtzzAsMyzskzLBoEN VYnMoNwkRgAeZoB2dTXQRpCeo+Bmnswk+HcQzaAk2tYEFt0EoIh/+AckmHwDi1cQoiAO96cOhUxV tXa+MkANaZgQdrAf2YbJVVAF7EgF1/+wU/15AzdQBRxnEDOAMhVt0fGgeBLwwQJBBYOMeEEtAfGw kB0nCadM0kagiZCswADwAPFLEKJwePhH0q3MLWiJyd9QywddkL6H0zcQuKLADaHMbfGwk+rm0qMa 0zNd09nWBDit0wwR0iNd0nBWKdmj0gYx0a0JJImneD/2D6NA0YQt1IHcYnz4I0G91AeR1U9dyFt8 UaMa1gnRA0691Xr8KZFE1VZ9EH2QoYgH1PGA0WvCC0YszECN0RklBEasXoDMbYc9EELw1Tkd07zd 271NDuRQBTeAEGSABRZNzhudeHfwAVicEPnwIwoM3NNMECYQ2lUA3CWQEBTgI3b928H/fQNELRCZ cNPX/d1MLRCyEAZeYNuAjLXXDQgp0BDFfdEYXdazAAMHYQY1K0k5DdzBHbj/IAq2ANPCHd4F8dyS VN7TPRDVneDY/RDzjdEa7XvL3dy8qFTdHdPAXQUffeHkreHfXRD6HUn9LdznbW3GfdGfmHg3cN8N kd7rndrt3d/wrd0+wt+8Ddwe7aS8UNfuveE3cDo44MwgLtwpgQfloA9K/gEBcNUKYQeMkgJSngJX 3QNRPuVOrhKygAf68AFeDgPxLRF4AANd7uUpYOElAeV4MOVUbhBWvuZYLuZJvuRNPhtjXuYfcOYS seV4Duaz8ueAHuiCPuiEXuiGfuiIF57oir7ojN7ojv7okB7pkj7plF7pFREQACH+H09wdGltaXpl ZCBieSBVbGVhZCBTbWFydFNhdmVyIQAAOw== ------=_NextPart_000_021D_01CA1941.7F7CBB90 Content-Type: application/octet-stream Content-Transfer-Encoding: base64 Content-Location: http://adserve.lewrockwell.com/www/delivery/avw.php?zoneid=5&n=a39b1c5b R0lGODlhLAH6AMQAAAAAAIib1CJFr93i82ZmZiIiIpmp2mZ+yIiIiLvG5kRhvN3d3e7x+URERJmZ mRE2qaq34DNTtXeMzru7uzMzM8zU7VVVVe7u7lVwwhEREczMzHd3d6qqqgAoo////wAAACH5BAAA AAAALAAAAAAsAfoAAAX/oCeOZGmeaKqubOu+cCzPdG3feK7vfO//wKBwSCwaj8ikcslsOp/QqHRK rVqv2Kx2y+16v+CweEwum8/otHrNbrvf8Lh8Tq/b7/i8fs/v+/+AgYKDhIWGh4iJiouMjY6PkJGS k5SVlpeYmZqbnJ2en6ChoqOkpaanqKmqq6ytrq+wsbKztLW2t7i5uru8vUgGHcHCCXgBwsIDKQnH wQK+NgwYx8R4FRHHySoGD8LOYAfM4QoBFT4D4Q/ZI+Dh6iMJAQLHEgYn8uH4wQcoDNNY8PeERQig QIGNCthYGGsmhgG7YAFGBODWQUE5HgwkMIvAoEQCBc2okagAssOBbAsf/9QjcQ+CCGDIRGg0mcJf FZLBFFCrIC2njXMxV8Ds4E3MsYgjGFyD6GOhMAwnuLn0KExCCQjC9o2Qh9TD0A7qpGk9YXMKVp8l FhqsATSYOxRDi4Y5WqJth646+jHDK0Jax5HCHvwl8dCqCAERSHxVN+DBWBNloywLJviEtLU07L49 EZcM3RIPwfbosFTY1HUdTAQ0THXY4ZUvE46Q8LhE5CcMVqM4l5itbG3dPAvj62GyPhPwjg18YfIs ZXfgSnw9XYJiRbi/WUxL0PPu4IBM7QYj9nW4B/GbPTjtQL0EBrkkCM4TOUKzCQOlD3SH/+Wz7cAk RBMMR16Z1gJNMzUzWP90JHQn2gmldTCYYtmtcMwBxCRA0QMXeeDcXRLZpGFg6ggYQYclRJieCBDw BwFF9SiV04T2JVWSAOV8yJ8X/rF0TIelqfNQe2RpVVIwUInA4AjWpYbCkexxVqEKZXU2wpF4VZmd MSt60GQMzo3VVm8i1ChCaSIluGMXPV5pk1NkehjYhEWKkNtnS3qglzAphAYbhUEd6Jqdx8CGJQmR HfmYALWRIB4MDFhHXWldmemUXFYaZZ4JUFKTn6PHEGnbWAiF6kGej6Lgp5SBajfoYU+5ydQIkRn3 4DJdphoiPs58CJ1A9f326QiZzrVpij/qOU+Ay1L52Ifp5OkBMylAKer/Ysy96sGRZB5Kq7bbZtVX kjUdY0JGxzwwVYISksDuXzXuCSKxwY3RpgjWPVBmmxdaWBu7AkiDbKskREhnbARTqe2RRXkrwm22 DnAOfRBOGe5xSpobn2w12oVXsWDcK69W8rKmbFX+chpOWqZGJQxm0lmMQqLAiuDwtOBebJIEMKPA rqiKznbMhO/uG5S8H9er6ayAujXCsEYHIyqijd6pcVLWmfzObfQmXO54PgbD2s1c26oSC3Y1qvNY vhJW83nCotw1UcIxLeu8CJNGgnNrJtUBuSN9edWcJhSWArYulCWvSA9lmbPOfbOccNBbGfi0MLBZ GuvckWvR7K543y3k/+MkLKPvCR+iLvfWGGPn9czHOmWy7ME+btyfKyTY89qlixs1zGZa/WCBDImx 3gM79WQRCj1FkAxMyK/QYk6iJoiCNfr8lRLudUWIAcX8DNgBh8X5ntQ95CdgQECAkwBSZS+8mNNO 7AhA3Iggyvi35K17UAFFzvNfaKaGhdDg4wAB6JIIEsCucaxAPP0bQU9UAI8mIVAFELxaCvoREQZe CHzn6Q6GPACeDnAPGMRpQQDYdZcAHCw+EQoAxfIRIKdgAAK2ctoztICQF+5QFAFQ2w858b8okVCB Q8REdwYAjySK4iEOdGIoBNQBCfhQij+YyWnCIcQzaFGF7cDiCxCnnv9+tYGMKmAAlJDIiwBE6AEB MAbjCtUg861hVS0olQ6TeBZ1iQAnYMtbB1D0kC6W4SuEPFbUhteExj3CORRjB32+6LYIqoGSqLEb 3F6HBEc6IiD2MOIKCokHT9Zuj41UpCLMRC/unYCUdzDlItlIBFmiQT5VoVgJ6zETBfhQj6Q5mADq AcE/wbKEdDuVGUUQj24k7RjOSMBSRGVAHS4EKegJx0ryEYxZMsCGKCrdepYzNz4p8xiY4aaTyiA/ E+ppKb5011Ek4BQhyktsBMRjxlrnIJNJE28jEkAybqSOCgTEfvhjJOiuI6s4gSOA5wzGn262SalF ZADoewsVCTSU06j/8WoYfVkJKEqGMJ0yTl4C1qX6lA8JiMo6xrQj+9xDKsyxSGllNBAdT3Akcsmr Q1ihD0zdp0q7wCZBWgtSJkVpq42h5W4pDEOkLHcmRQakHkNpn6OQ2Q1d2nSpjyFjP9QRkGzYRSRW Ckg4R/Chv3ylKxJA6VWJqkkzDSVOcNob4cpnTmaKlK6hK2l2HhKnuXpAGgJNo4PCQR3D7pMmWFsd QdiqQf9YaURRxdemMMAwJuHOsTrji11xCrWKGrGpoOsZScVQNKEJ4ztfhZQb8XE6WEm0kpAFHfwE kCZ1Mg1kuQNWPwzqGg3RCbQUHW3xTiY2ZskNtX59qs1UOYbQ8G94/6BVwQXTEqEOiAS0sPSbeSDg UA26LpkuAGYF8JNTmhygUcgt6m8y5bH/YAy67VUtdVk7NHm+tnK3bcEB4Hdd2IDXjo91hgL+1NrD 4bQFpZEABi46p+iVIL51na/SSubc5vK1m6kd6X7D0LalFja2owwsk4TRoQNb0mPw+dBaY7ZcFzjl AeTTGQZQalt3QrUuGq5xae0yFfw6Rb+aJENAJoXi7LJ0kKFELwlRHF7ABnaqSU7AWIC7AnmRaT0p xHBglSvlu+p1uXZxKkN/jAbjiOmvAPYxC2aS4xHosbFURvAC93rm8bkDo2h9cAu60xV5vRC0SAVy oEB2pNEFUrPBWP8QnGWyujPgLyL6a5+t4qkQy3LDwnt+WTaEx9soC5FvRY4AfawFJhbXUW/IQSdj AoMiMLtWau4Z0PMoQ7F6MvPG9GlLnW8ZQ4pBadIoiAcEmnmMCYs4HMkJB3EWQsBvHhQvOSQdCriB 0rMQ59iP/sg8MrgPZPbMgy+L6jaaEZHyyEXcVaGlGOdN73rb+974zre+C5Ft+BCX01NYDypT8O8r 7psG667xlC0JhY9yMmy5PbgOVnpKKU8BmGy0S+ckHgOQzZQJtmRlCj7O8RyArOCpzPDD7SwPgJf8 BlyGQshl9vIhxPwJM1+5L9xdnGl6JDQjvE9oyHmf/OxnqcstITH/mB0BUUGAhdAkCze9CU7cKnwA E3nKRGYsCuKyO6FhYYpx8BLSKBVxzXa6UY6i/o6D+teiHTlSe0pCoNUCVrShumhGS+d21pHPIY8+ xXpcstOeFKU0sCnNVLrD5EeriX/wyZqd3xbRqeixc8ndqQcSrWa5UOQxclRFWl09lLFA8XIBpl10 y/xgj2urvz0WCc1Dq+g9mrlpRTGOACakAAKG4rLcQAqldMs6Tvu6qv0DmesD/5uAyP7hmV9065UG zCpmthRcvicNT7BCMyIN9zS2uPMRFShP6nF3zx5zkC1eLK6eZBVcrm+XZ2u/48s/b/BZvnfJj0qC XiyxKhB9tjd9/zWWUOnCdaKQfZ+TbH91fN/HOeEHH+P3LQNHXuh0fWxWceqgfA/2TfiAfqMQc6Wh Vb3zX+3VFREGfioYZ/SRHS+ycTwlX9KncJmyXf6TdX11CjF3YweDAeVAcRHVFTa0gvh3Ya8XKKUC gDAggMPDgcs1YDSyIaInaKhXRWmxFkBoSsKzgQQoflSFM3tUfc2GgZyngRC4gsbQM5+nCqx2Ag5n En+hH/UxVOgGa38EQMlQAQNkZbCxaZRVaYu1EVckbLXmHz/Dh9GlatHlcqSQbYG3N0BHMYBURUun eR6IJDjUDo5oEOBmEAIHYi/BVQz3DlAiAeS2cOj0YakYRAHgIP8Y4Eo1lwQp4Q6PF4uFMBRak1IW Z4uA8BDccw8kyIt9MISgEgwIKIx7oCh/8U+lhoyEsGxNUkWw6IzUWI3WeI3YmI3auI3c2I3e+I3g GI7iOI7kWI7meI7omI7quI7s2I7u+I7wGI/yOI/0WI/2eI/4mI/rWAAEUAoEUAA5wI+eUAAAUJAG WZAeIJCesAAAgAAj8I8zQAAAQAIK2QISCQkTAAAOQJH9uJAN+ZAAKQMXOQIVyQIj6QgZuZEkaQEW UJAUcAEisAANAAAFMAEgiQAZoJEegJMAYAEosAAUYJANAJMMiQAzCZAySZM2eQIFQAEzCQANMAFB CQAd6QFPCQD/FKABIlAALOmSMNkAIekBF/CRJdCUTxmVU9mPF5ABVckBAJCRB7kA/4gABVkAWukB GjCVGeCQJECXBtmPXNmSWAmTVmmQWbmTB1mVipCSFPmRGgAAGyCWBdAAIkAAQ+kBEumTIoCTNpmX KkkCUqmVj9mPDFmTInABk1mZl1mWH+mWe+kBDgAAHLCVG4maIUmQDvmYkRmbd0mXC2ACuOkBrumQ sTmbBJABI2ABSEmWmNmTF4CaFLCVlLmTmkkCJ5mQjgmZtCmZIXmdjMCYJFmVTrmTGUCYY+mQEDkC rykCG4CcKgCWHsCQn4mT5smc4TkCVHma9rmZAPCbFTmeaxmZ/1Y5nWVZlfkplh+ZkbO5lg5ZlCA5 AhswkWMpoChwnf9JoCPgm82JkTp5nyLQAJQpkQf5kekZnyOKkCaAAFNJkyb6mSJ6kHzJkfhpoHzp AIJZkP5ZlSDKnsjJkLMJnAZKoyJAAT4Zm0TJnCVKlyLQkvwYo9Y5kR46oCJgo3G5oY8AnlupoyHq niVQog6qAhJJAF+5nC7KpSlQkQfqAR8ZmxaglRpakTuKl2+JAGFZoDOKn3xJnxbQkV+KmWGppFNK AEGJoZUJpVk6AjvKpm7an1aKkh16qB9KmXR5l9ZZpxlQnSjAlYhKphkKAJSaqUGKp5jJpW+qpYgq qE4qoyKQpv9kyaBvGZNI+qeGCqGM+qSqKqXH2am/6Z2LgKUJaarQqZULYAEbWaKIKaBGaQJgCZM4 yamn2ZTCSqxAeqer6pCT6gFSyahwSqCxWavTuqpCWqiWSqBJOpFAqZIUUKf8uZS/iqiS6qnYGpS/ SZfs+p2P2q6RGpM32qZ+WgJ0WpepipdTaQHp2qIkMKwGya92Cq6iegFPSaTaaqr6iakLq6bhKpz2 6QA52Z/lKpYvepgl4LAFCZjA+rAt+Zsim6boqKA4QJeEqY9JAJ83sJaKCbNG0Kc1EJv1arM827OP oKHPIJ+mALRAgLNSoLNVkJoqILSlQLSwoLQpwLRp4AAEiZX/NimzVjqXOekAWquTfkmW4Omgsfmv jzoBVUuQvxmyglkAKnmp7AkAMPmYsxmYXmmiDQqZaTkCZuuS3gqSIgqy/Ciiu1qQTsqTULkASIuY hCsCYUuWX9sAaUuRTlmQaDmyehuUFJC2V6mRQCmUR6qSjxu5X+CgF0AADom1I5mZD9mTnWqTY4ut HSq2WKmVLRm3B3qyyloAg2uTFuCeBLmRRoqduamdDlqaG0mXszmaH9q3haqWBSu8yZm5sHmYdLmR MjkBSEuvsJmgsbumr6oBUQmcrQkAr1mccuqQF0ABAgq1oSmnpKmTSAu+O9sFbvmjm7q6lVmnxsqW yYmcjUuc/7XqlrxLqsz7mJ/ptr75mETqARsQnfjqAeNZvB16nh7Qu7pqAuWqlRX5mOy6wG5LAkjL v0vqv93rkBH6skwZqgjqkBZAoG6pwYR6v0J7wmaAmlhJAEuJulBqrF7KnL75v9ubthlpk5rKn6K7 vZQKn3KrokaqvpAqpRL8mR9ZxIh5xP3KuDpZkd16kJC7nzrbpz9cwnLakwRgxQ/Mqg5ZtQdJxBiq ogbJqY9JxmbsBQjwjx+pw/lbqSMAxv0JxLEpxK9KxU6LxPfrARnQwAgwlub7wDsaxaIqyMx7xbA7 t1XJmyVgtF/sw30sxh4rovOLpkJKxRRJrlQ5pgbbyQU5v/9hULC5Wqh5/KDqWZUW/KWyC8i868BV XAIGrJ6aqZzwCpZw+8SN/JFSe8e4PMiSXKoj8JgB+8EjEMKy3KNkabRjWbNnLKQWDJwESsXwKbX6 ac1cYKPCyr/IS547rL91Wr3by5cZEJ1JCcC2vL0bma1WDJZaKZFLSZchSZe4vK12e8pqCsDzLK8Y nAGiKcIl2bsquQH9GKHWG5XZC79k2c7xOZPoKaYY+5lRisZyeplS+Zu9S5jLSp6cSgAY7ZYa7QXg m7AiTbkz+cowzZ+Ly7g5ecjeG88M7JIzacUXsLafqZv6SaH+7MjV+rY0udMFXbXVWZI57ZKgK5SI +6qKy5y0E1DTEUqcKxqw1yyq8fqXcTuVDpCXBUmwnOoAWV1z7XkCxuqzUACUnSnCXaqubO0E6fuX FSrXc53Xer3XfN3Xfv3XgB3Ygj3YhF3Yhn3YiJ3Yir3YjN3Yjv3YkB3Zkj3ZlF3Zln3ZmJ3Zmr3Z nN3Znv3ZoB3aoj3apF3apn3aqJ3aqr3arN3arv3asB3bsj3btF3btn3buJ3bur3bvN3bvv3bwB3c wj3cxF3cxn3cyJ3coBACADs= ------=_NextPart_000_021D_01CA1941.7F7CBB90 Content-Type: image/jpeg Content-Transfer-Encoding: base64 Content-Location: http://www.lewrockwell.com/buttons/rothbard-collection.jpg /9j/4AAQSkZJRgABAQEAYABgAAD/2wBDAAYEBQYFBAYGBQYHBwYIChAKCgkJChQODwwQFxQYGBcU FhYaHSUfGhsjHBYWICwgIyYnKSopGR8tMC0oMCUoKSj/2wBDAQcHBwoIChMKChMoGhYaKCgoKCgo KCgoKCgoKCgoKCgoKCgoKCgoKCgoKCgoKCgoKCgoKCgoKCgoKCgoKCgoKCj/wgARCACWAG8DAREA AhEBAxEB/8QAGwAAAQUBAQAAAAAAAAAAAAAABQABAwQGAgf/xAAYAQEBAQEBAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AQIDBP/aAAwDAQACEAMQAAAB9UEIQjggLI4hCEIQhEYBAgKKxrTXCEIQhCM0RlAEA4c1BtxCEIRE USIFgkpFQ6PRQmIQhHBWIgaBgMUSQ2pqhCEIiBphyEFE5EEiM9aEIQisYEYugcc6KhbPUBCEI4M+ SFQDgwIgwunpI4hCEUwSVQGUi8DDIEh6cbYzZmSkDzWBYHg44KZjyoQHqAsXOZtvNHdcSVv6nMwC Q0edjkZ6UMZ3lq1mw0/XF6j5lSMjAg5wehFvNzvLUfXM0c5sWpa56XTMAPl41I9SA3w8AfP051CF g+rcdVPz1S7Y45bh783qE2hJGYxq5vJGoIr5u73IikAhFYjNKVM3K8Nx6lzNbULmx74crgw7ISIL kpn80pqVoESlYNaj0Ni7TnAxZB+KKoHx0+k1kctqytDSw2cY16N6ec45VyDS3KlOBR3XJFFnUqym tRxH/8QAKhAAAgIBBAECBgIDAAAAAAAAAgMBBAAFERITBhQgEBUhIjAxM0IjMjT/2gAIAQEAAQUC 9smI56hORO/4mHCxa9h41sDhWJ3G0Qso6ryn8Fhkudw3xg40MkMHNMvdR+5u/WtURjB2k4xo/Uoy Rwx3jTWy6l7T/Q42M/tbcsMKyrDuJGe0iHSbCk1Paz9NcCF3NQc1p6vELBzLWSMxMojh/b/c4/Xs sCRp06uZodVJs16A99keqxzXtyhsPiRmjA9ntMeYfWu7sBkUT7H6gQxiS3mZiRf92aW+tDxmCj2u mN7jeNeqpIIsqrkcyeAMzD/tG8HCzRu2KRad5Al2R9Y1bU5pGWrWzxt20WDYlDKlj5ij04RjRI5m J3kuOBHc6+XO+UZM54YRSvXV92tKiJpqQZJBUvykTEWE3ALHWQFbLI4RHYacRWrRE7zm2eHRtnko b2uW6VtmJTMqrAMivRwFtyzQBU9MDnqgq5YtkyrxyAwo2zxD9a8PO6C1+lEp4cSltaIc5JWUFa7k WXNl0TAsRUrd7f5MkckM8VHaPIx5MEpkJjmvYxdCnKSQlDYqNcpiJKaymTK5iAWqYEl51Z48PGNY /mApYuv0rTBr6zcvqR/1wuIwh3lqREIXhJyV51ZpA8Y1uIiUs65ZBCh+8GO22nkhtoSEx2x8fZwz hhLzrykPHHhymbVcDVC3DdYCQK4yR+XhZBChSruX3eqFlrjnHJHOGKjbNTn/ABVUVS08zg2MKeor ELsNfCbqJ31NJlLUsmLFMzZhlJAghanb4WUDYWnSFAcadXg2UUMeGn1hxenoHEUUpNNCuko0ytAK pIWEaXViYjaPh//EACIRAAMAAQQCAgMAAAAAAAAAAAABESECIDAxEEESIkJhcP/aAAgBAwEBPwH+ GJUXVEr1y4gmhNcaVIvEdhMwY1ELTRaWzTpo9qd+pIsieaJwbRqZUehNblpuxqcKwdCWDttncRq/ XFL5heFKsol0L2fiNRDxg9Hx6MQi2JwbpX0Uo22NtlKxulez/8QAJREAAgIBAgYCAwAAAAAAAAAA AQIAERIhMQMQICIwQRMyUXCh/9oACAECAQE/Af0Y7Yi4ScgsJrRjLAEBsX4wDlZhQm46EkeNmxFw u3qXQ1mYxyhfsyikeojhjrvC4EZwsfiBRFFdBjKV7zLLNaxkOGIjKTVwKwBnDQirgR9JXdcKMbg6 TxKgN681a9fCwBGsPdZEZu6jCMFCysQxnC/Db+IsBvyJqZQqDrzvWup2xW5jpRjsda9R91uD7mKx Y36inLui/c6z5KBJgyzmbf3oIDCjAgEwW7mIu4FA1ioq7RUC7QKBtMFqoABtMB0f/8QANhAAAgED AQUFBQgCAwAAAAAAAQIRAAMSIRMiMUFRBCBhcYEQIzJSkTBCgqGxwdHwM2JTcpL/2gAIAQEABj8C 7urAV/lT61p9lk3CuOC9Odbq18NSjFax7R/7+x0+BeHjWvdW1dPu24Hp3zHE6V4d2amrbN8XA/YT W9oDWtcY86iT9KGNtvXSgLrhSX4HvlrhigVkW/Ctm9u4W5UxcafLQGAiONZa7pkTU1HKe8wtvg/J ulXHv+87TlBLHhQa8xQzooq01wa6kUXRfMDnUh1HnUJr40RSqRxdR3iKZ8SVb445HrRbC4w6RV28 8ADcVRyrjRYcOU10NCkN68iY/MY1qVMg97Q69KYUGuUWU3LnQCtFipNGsfAVNi4V8OX0oJ2qLL/N 90/xUiktomTsJk8BWjKvktb3aHHkYpbq/EDNPIhxyqX1gaTyoxk1aj2f6rqaunlMe3tSliVGMDpx q2mUDYT+v8U90rrkqpvN68+lB7KLtHuYrwhQB4+NKtodNWOgnrWQ+JSVNZTpWka1rAoJbpsfuipP H29r/D+9Bon3Y09TVm2gbdYsZWJJ9elWfdN7u0yj/u3E1cs76lmBDLrp0qKNu5qrAyJoCQVjhzpi V3jwBrG0udw8W5Vg2uZ7navw/vVhAQMxE9ONWbrK2DuZdmOijy51ry4sxiOk1sdBdzx8B/RWyO8A WyjmB/R9aa4cVcW8gBHPgNKyVwQjgZSCxaOJosVU7m0321K9aJQItuYydwNaSYS2TzPHrFB4AH3Q BED29p/D+9W9zIR50bTSlrALaL/ONRPnrQtvbfJrhfH5hAHpQvOCzFmZsOpEVcREktbwTX4ROs/l S3dmwsjAbPSYWruIIyZrgy0JY8PQVfI7PeG1hRkRCgR/FC1Gqszs54ExH6Vrau5bE25ERkTxrX23 /T96QASxEAdeNKZTF32YGOU+PlSvglrLko4+XWi+QxHXSKuMupQTjEGgLt0wrYndOJPThp60PD2M VEd256UlzJlK8CI56c9KtWUOaKIIWGnLj/FbN3wuSLbb2qrjp+f6Ved/dl/eICY6D6wPzq0zmLe4 mR4GN4+mkVtn++NoknRT94edBkIZTzHfataxtjM/6D+zSXVgyNDFbyqxgtvcABxNYv2dcsuc+mnW luXA1m40MyrB19aCLMDrWyzXaxOM61sAp56+I7ppLf8Aythp0gk/kKtP2gqrX4YGYI6AeVWgcRZj IKeCp/R+lW9vkQFto3M/MfyijfZSf8t1fE/Cv5CmORa7a1Ldd34aGd6LiPiTrJ3foB/FdnyvYMQb u0wnImfpoKUDJL162oy4n5jqfCg9t9m7ZNnxOOPPrBj1q4MTlsgW3yd8+HrSOhlWEg+3EkqQZVhx BrK42fgFCz51lixEyELbo9K2rqSeJE6E9Yp9ycgRBMwD0ppDXMhjvtOlZjJn6u0xRKrOmIyM4joK xhp5NkZHlTqEnMYsWMkipwJ+aWO959agcPb/AP/EACcQAQACAgEDAwQDAQAAAAAAAAEAESExQVFh cRCBkSCxwdEwofDh/9oACAEBAAE/IfpusV1ahfWfxgC0J2/iSrQmd8G5eWYXVLSx8y6TvhqIJlcD 8kEQRsf4E3LrvdYvLaY8Q1Ulw1D8xLFSm5/r68S0wE4vmWVGGCeCmFuMSHJKkEKkTKvT3zH1dWPE 3UPeNFeAGPomtYJzlyoTNf0zhsG/1UUlwszmvq092CgAY7xSOOH7xNsmlSpmjQXXmEV9kMvAhuJm ZpsEwayY0X9J3KsxdvEw1KtDR0QygwXHEqoQnecTOI3WJT9y8CHY6YgllhrQHok7zEeS/quFSzZx KY4cDaP9hJiTuFT5ai1n7a+t940qN3KMV0m5ajwTIjczZagdtIJIKxGx+rEA6UcynMKVGZLS22qm UXXkETWF3alQQrDNHw1O4LmKAa27rzpKmp/y/b5iAQRyJAL5a4PzFLFeC/NzOhf44jZ3WLzDSTc9 vDChmjTT2SjqnTRD0r/uXavDG7hZPDK9pislWIoCbLi2VHERanelXhdF8uEPRjQOXNuynSXxY7w6 a27OXDM2ViaFii3dlk6yRhppPE0kUpvh6TeI6Ihy9z0AesRV6szhllgxmZmSU4zprxdVftlqg1OG BfhhzAS0oFcnJrLmBqrhMBWTVO894ZqCcbrOph551HDMpOVev+4IyBXAldTuuPZ1lkBWWFUHE51x uWZdQGc+l1qRLi9lcrFhntToLPaCqNbKJXZ1eh3haikfOhvuWuWiz7jXU084bgmSAtQtR3JCj2Kk Ab3eLrtNtKMRuAGvNTh9wD0Vv/YuLZWJakGR3V8RK2DpRxGPzmVViOuZ5rBhFqrjDLxLthRBWU6L fYSuHgowtG3DLn4uPNTgBIS+C/tFK2tTIKLHBp/2WrbkJUVrx15lD81xIgriz5jSQNBlhzRh1vg5 ia7UQDXy+ZSmDTCwjz1+/A836XdHS5h1PCa5uTykofLL7C+05/rcY3lZy6RkFY84dhcIo2BfgN6m d9yS7GHrMm/nQTHALatWpCL59HACVXjmUlVMFhOqRtxPP/2ihLVssqe5zALF9Kyg56W/EpTHECqa POXG6TXAoZbVzwKQM/NDZa78BjAaNTgWw1RznO+kzsQEsYKZ51h6Rmts8JQ9sA6CVzLX1u6qxulr 4XBLGzer8QhWwmGwWmgs+Zi4QY5OwVvRexnkIgx6QMd0EvuS9NY2rVW1fdmUa2iw61HOiU14Lxs2 Z9e19fLTUzlU8i8p7wlpZnNv40KIe1mlzKfNWXdolmFjggKi+038w2lwMDycW0Vt8rNsT2AujVHW 6oB4Up35FWj+zmYr1HRiL4+x1MuNzeYe6B1q3U7hxoHNs7IzwZjI3bZVTllPswEe8ajaSsCoQ+Va UfL8xrmNgPYLfF1L6yaSl3jTcQsKWdTAtFoPiKZDYsbgOJl9Kls2w6edyo3GY/C9RwqtYDumichY tavVuCbGHZ0JXjtL4W8p2/q1AIAGAOPX/9oADAMBAAIAAwAAABCSSCSSSSSSSSCSSSAQACSSQSCA CSSQQCQQSSSSCQACSSQCSCSSQCSCSCSSAACQQQAQAAAQDbMiCQQCYRCCSQRRFE2hQT2vM4zyBCjE AASCLa0QSACYcLCyQTDyzNfCRmZIZEST/8QAIREBAAICAgICAwAAAAAAAAAAAQARITEgQRAwUWFw gbH/2gAIAQMBAT8Q/BlioCyJsCUrEpp9a4Bgqzr+ww9MfUioh3SrcRL5ITFKuPg1EjIERxXrgQMG pSnHMHNAskQkFWu456vVRTAgg+hj9cAuJ2iU150O/S1WQqg/uWJINRFunU6uj6haHgL14DMHmmr5 VBFXZCuxdzWkdAgUdwQaDRMqHcdtdzqrNcEVkWLjLEtVdRSUs2jNoxThma7iK2XXnfD/xAApEQEA AgIABAUDBQAAAAAAAAABABEhMUFRcZEgMGGx8IGh4RBwwdHx/9oACAECAQE/EP2MCAoHd386w3qU rwftGydEIhx8tNbhW/xL5RlOxE5BD6QwZ8olfCWk2r7vD51mI7welxFwYfWNtV851yc6r2j9POvr Fqd+mYyeNf5KFu+PgtWCKBZHPT8EcSpXa4LblHphtmoreB/cAWNFfmUAhtYO75UfzHsDKdiWDPgU C2G2xwXKBF3LJTLYdeTWtYG1bcG8d4gDUrltiLavPH1qFNKvR9jvN3Q9vK36oN5IAtjSisvCK2M9 vaBRX6U9TxXXLAcZe/WIC60OvzEWJ6y/OsRc8qPdhnXLHONS1GcfOkS2aaPeCTa0fObHgWys8rjZ agYfQ34HGhnHV6sApMxS0zEEGWaDU0Woio3MimGG0KIDVGteD//EACYQAQEAAgICAgIBBQEAAAAA AAERACExQVFhcYEgkaEQMLHB8NH/2gAIAQEAAT8Q/HzDTOP3iHKGRJ/zgd64VT+0N3nvKvQHa+M1 FG6/STj4NfOEBI7V7wd8u26OM3em/wBKYW29Dk/xfJ+u8JsCiNE8/wBjicgrfJP7D18uBrzlJgCQ G+M0hPEzWBTBEKhzcgWNu6H2f0vz+agACEaSPZb9YfCaCSBlYDc4MLgfeO5U71hhNIeJgOdjeM52 ErPPnHyi0tVWn2wfv8pvpb+t5fRIbMrRoVrbh48/BLw3+MQBGhRpyri9aY5CPYc4ko8g2fF5yHWt LNP5YFVLoHRZwXt17/JafCZcYYKD6mCza69T2fOELG1Q+rf8YiLS6ABa+V36xewCShxxreNieS0K d/FyKg2G9Yr4D0O3q4EDlC/iwAvS46XtgbK7yoIug14xOUHWHm8urfeBCQgJH+qmMUp+7M9P5yI1 WJPhHeXlYsdhPLlURejDG1CRpsh9fkejGORdJ8O8J6u5MEJzAs3QZvJzSxGv4RjAcIIcl7WrPGBJ 8j2fOM+ohwvo9YCADnwzixrPJt2AA29Vb6wLGBwHhE5PyYEfYMJs1+/4xrOgvvLk1bsOfnNw4BNf anH3kAoaJ6fGW4dMbRwtDcWV07ne0syFmj2obSp1LL7xeCAW01277djXwwcTCFE8jiHeiACnBtae zrfjy5IAYRBHaznzrhPQGaede7f5x7ZdlvMPJ1jIgeyt56L7cVuqXC/gM2LR4uO3jeXjDQ7L1l6M ikdgeAGGnenXnFAFLiR7WVtqkqFnMPGIce2iL8LUFEKsZHTZ/Inx5aIhsuph7UooZz0ZEE0cphYJ CCdXhqwC3cIMfyUCrlXdDv7ydoa/7n/bzaRTBkXzrvFD8jtjP6WWc+V8GL45F8fL95ybRXnbzmxU wJ7IwQxhva8NosEmyArxgqGL7CoSAAJW+LpNuuZRkI8GrlZqc2wQnuqtNdM8DrDC2UrSpKhUIWFl wY9w7RLo4SOBepBxRjLfkeMJscQZ8t4+cbaEnfgPI98YmPfhmrB7nOQoZeAdmbG7pgguzf3gi8V7 XC4XX4KIpWDClYYQ+cFUkKiWFWADzkMYDQqKUAOBaaQY+tpruDXqAzpeIZsLX1yCkuwVOimWvv8A yHiyjmsJdQ2UYqxO5SqIACEwduQ9kHDfXJyCRwdCJX1SksUSwvyYqwg0kAG0aLoraOseQ5XutAAr JWk2uITspDxhFI666wpu2Y0ARTCtpLv3gHIKVGoU5BvOjterdZohwQQoRqhOTCvgRnEUAfS6UMLr WEHcuUG2dYf6VpEOCg2+1vR3On3yO9WZRWqsDIMHsYNdJsXshKLYn8CURa6KQB7bhI9FQgrNaVqA MicDUQsHJa0Fh3D4M4DR4xN3H1i1gFP/AD5xKJnQawqgAgqAJeMaBPA+DRRgFvbxrGtikNYjABqk OIzG4uV9hyEKPDHAsWyFRmAxCDI44oFBAAEWrKZ4GEBUecWxC84eDJIlTnBE6YYfk4aHwcZ7TFpJ WJclOlVSZAj2gGXw203kpLF1pCOlUBVCa52WE0jrssIzSSEa1CEWA6KkcA/cjNIVHUiUHyY6x822 MmE7h2iBwRex5vImnKFunAQ8oHNvGbkms2o6M5hiTkv/ALw+VEQUduVm0bFtCAiNLHZhY/NgrrZV 5GI0ce0JaFGkcgBVACuL3DQqhuLVAyAkoOphz66n9kBZFTFFS2JhDtUX5wRComXzVQxZYjpDUW4S SI32U9cNOMrM0aMBeM4E5n+8YyzcAQQbFCemsmsxhiBIgI+BtrgFw6oONZDJouFitVd8j9qq4u9r vCQtoc5N4Qe48dVDJvL0Kn6EAEoWNsVMNjPA5QNYJG6XeQtFGwKc0kW459vdLRBJocGmCYsIkiK1 pm2+AIZBV5kr8NFFsjRwM1uogot7/oHU7wxYWgEIUEdAiIiMQ+mt/wBvCO7qjyOMRJIe0VfYDQ6D EQbyGlFADetNUEVnv91WMLXjc1YABXipgIBZRpBWt6MhwxDsZoqLRsK8K40OEqgiKkta2kFgAyCh IJECtAUhprbXHmNFzhFK8nSBdBhWNddZ0LAbi0GSBCtqAQBwB0f1/9k= ------=_NextPart_000_021D_01CA1941.7F7CBB90 Content-Type: image/jpeg Content-Transfer-Encoding: base64 Content-Location: http://www.lewrockwell.com/rothbard/irproth4.jpeg /9j/4AAQSkZJRgABAQEAYABgAAD/2wBDAAgGBgcGBQgHBwcJCQgKDBQNDAsLDBkSEw8UHRofHh0a HBwgJC4nICIsIxwcKDcpLDAxNDQ0Hyc5PTgyPC4zNDL/2wBDAQkJCQwLDBgNDRgyIRwhMjIyMjIy MjIyMjIyMjIyMjIyMjIyMjIyMjIyMjIyMjIyMjIyMjIyMjIyMjIyMjIyMjL/wgARCADAAIIDASIA AhEBAxEB/8QAGwAAAgMBAQEAAAAAAAAAAAAABAUAAQMCBgf/xAAWAQEBAQAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AQL/2gAMAwEAAhADEAAAAfedLxxvFWY4iqxrFNDeB6QTMc16xgKttvPMUYzKWYUZcB8m2oEOoCu9 DPXPY651oG424E4xy9rqDw9pKtiSoSpSo1XpV63sAAe0rzjFDuZyq9WzSrzOJXupLmKq6WVdA/Cv tS1DcgQkPRxLbWgJWywVRJD311GJJFqroUY7FrjvzDsbSHAZ2QGdshAINNX6JfN5zdcJR7yCaAkL hldZhbmW3G4MOaQedXe0yPPT1ENqrzMvpvJ+k7s816fLI3SHecp9aF+b7WshrStXL6vXxvsUkqWW germk+x48q7jXNqRrki3szky61IQcAgheN8u0dweMl1XNcea9D5ebcaLCLGfPljJpjA2zLKL80aA UjPSYVLMppF6FC3NvO+oIXznHqdl8gH7zg8iB7uo8tbbWzzTByPKVzituWcQTN1KHK1O2CJgrPnC JvA9FusFspYIWVjvVWLNF4rvX3IkbRAhzuEWcUDo56SSR6Ou4okS9KwJ1cQvROYvLM3jNHhUj//E ACkQAAICAgIBBAICAgMAAAAAAAECAAMEERITIRAUICIFMRUyIyQzNEH/2gAIAQEAAQUC5DexNibE 8TYmxNj49ggv89g9beHbuhIBQsJqRD1KeNOgKDLOnrWmpgqpTORhLGFY6cYtkrsE5CPaUf3E7p3w ZHk36PuJ3jkLeYUehE1CNi0BZz0vuD8/c1ba1RBB6n0yV2OM4j5+2V24tUxzK+NGYth3CYfS6H6n kx+e0U1Yo2aw1wTktGZYFTJrsm5vxaPFu5o/P+z78sQjNSOQw3MbDadeTVBlWJO9LVtHnfzybHqs S68heZVKUWEzfkv5DbllfYzIXGjv5ZRKlcsLBkVvFbQMB5R6+UYmsVr3N01cmcF/lb/2B5BrSEaj /VUH1sfjDjclBWtMjK+u/kf0unmhDqD93P5HLTjgO62pXXLvgqYn2Nvq5IWnKuNtF7XejI9U94Iv YwL6FdXln4xaCSWO/M6vvyb0J1AQy3HiA9mgfryjcca4WAgEbDcz/wAY3xAsRm2vP1/NM/RSONZU GcFhbjBclkyLWd6e14mPqbCrflGulrejC/H19L4avbnf+emf9snMvu6snKteg59n8V2HBxsTIrxm W3I/kKz7jMzsi4pmW2Gj34xcf8j5l+VSMIt7PAwUNY36X4/ZkZWP30NUFopwEarKx68bGqoHXZiC zIP4+rsvwmtycrBNtJwktx7cBklWCnSmAgSjGXHm/U/2uvyXvxM0XPk8LSdU123CmujKf2+DlW5P pv0bI/2zCDPPoWmzqi1RmJU7XDLoWy+pzlO5uzszjXXjVmtKspL3OXT7q21aRg8rJtpt5yaPeBO9 zP8AI0rxWhue2ujH7McIavylNdl+Pda6ZdnuVVPc123oqZFBfKvwhbjjcJnKc9shggQTpUkIBCgM 4rtq1Y8BqxOmKvYGUA8Sx/Utune0WL/WoETrL08X0yvsiwxQ4K1ssPMRywleQ1LksWYui23MCga1 vZiVfv8AU/ViFteYN8uo7fZjM0tbbWuWZEssNPIS614vJmopFSbWNRteZSOItoE7xBeJ3xr4bpzJ Mques33VvUfMx8ZNdIWanZoF1aWV8Zubm5ucpqI/WKcdrYMarjfiFZjYvI8dwJxnJp//xAAhEQAD AAEDBQEBAAAAAAAAAAAAARECECAxEhMhMEAiQf/aAAgBAwEBPwHfPgnzz0YquCcLdk8Uaj0QnwJp s6kdSpVFRPFQ8TXBcslf5OgfBGTxdiza4Hn/ABHcO5Cjzvouj2UpdLr/AP/EAB0RAAICAQUAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAARARAgITAxQFD/2gAIAQIBAT8B7T8ZCEKlk81agQthCOBWhVJGl//EADUQAAEDAwEF BQUIAwAAAAAAAAEAAhEDEiExECIyQVEEEyBhkSMzQlJxFDBigaGxweFD0fD/2gAIAQEABj8Cic+P XxHpPgFwOnI+aJDX9f8AvRAWO3f6VzWOMH9hP8INsO+0yQuF2sIbruiBtMOPpgqRPqiG+DChwWDs iwkRK4HeiO47AlD2bshe7cm+zdBle7frCHs3eiw0t+vhyuiEahcR8cd4FE5On3EDX7ioZjOFdrB5 Jp58wrTg+HPJXTCmG+Nzeeql+k8KfiGzyTnB3Coc24fqoBg+e05U/cT02QeF/NWc+Z6BXAx+694C fMLdmPUL2lL0R2f34zadeSzR9F7QCPlWBt12bsCOagVWOPSVqPGC3LhyW+whQHBQeWyV0W8Z8lkG z4s6rgAtRIHPx68lkBcDfTaFAyVD3GfJYaUabDM8Tuv3Gc7ZUKAF1e5W295+ILLSB6K20yuHabRJ 6KqK3dBtPW2U6WWid3rsJGWBaLewFAV7tVa0XO6K+qZPQKAw/wAbL7Rd1XLZJUgyCnjI73tET/30 VFrqVSmOduZPLbA0dthunMqymJPmt9wVoOeiDLt45jwU6Tf8joQaNAIG3hwjbkjosiPJQ0SpqOny CzDQEajGGz5o1R7Q9vtQ3nnKr1nuJ+Zx/VfannLmTHyg6fp4Oxs/Hd6Iv7NUtZR4j8xTWUTbVIl/ 4fJMqE+1duz/ACnOMyTIaTK7mqcxc53V3MJra0FlUE2fIES3FOi/dtOFT7h1rS4AOBy76eSqObqw ZPJvkPNUG1ZfUIF2dFQ7PTIve+fyC7RRYeEWz1T627fH68kXOc4uqZNx20as+7nHVd1cWzrCcJgk HOp+qteC4REnVARxPaCSZJCbMEjM+aFRxJFttvJX2a6t5H8kyp3hDW8gqbGGxrToEaTgYJnznqqb 6Biox03PzKLC3i4j1RY654iN8zA8luz9XGfAE7uqTCxhjLslGi6madVvwlMbxOY66B/KLnugDUlX ETyAGpKq1u0ANtJ4eiqGqy2HQB4BQAnduceniyu1Oa26TjojVcd8iN3QDou6vaIMYTey/aar5y6e SLGHepiB5HmV2agBLXPG71A5KXHOrj5pwphxY34+RK+zXHvPohdOdANSqlY61Hz+WzVarGVoFBKN WmbH3GAdE+hBp1bTuj4vomUxTLQDc5zh8ShjC59mp6nmVVZTMOvJc7qeioVO1WDcMWiYKDKl/tje +P28luBpYWQyDusXZmspucWy+f8AZVRz5nhuHJvQLunhtrSYdOvg8h4Aeng0002X09ObVPJTtx4B n+8oNLszquL0+iw+AuNZeuLVM39Dn8SPtJ+qiZZnCJa7iP8AK49VF31ygBqveH0Vp2B3lCi9cXVT djopD+ZKMPjC4lM9ED0WJcsuy3qsOOi85WTnmtFjiUVR+alplZ26+HGnRXDjXqrnuzyEwvj9V/k/ VRzUOU0zjxnGSp0HVRYpbvNVzxu/uv8Aa3cfTZ//xAAnEAEAAgICAQMEAwEBAAAAAAABABEhMUFR YXGRoYGxwfAQINHhMP/aAAgBAQABPyGm0YXVzJsnkJ5CX2nkJ5CeB7yyWX/C4jxRHFhSZQgj/DoO xr0HH7qCsOuwXpf19J28Kvikf57MN2axzf8Ai+8y4F53XZ7/ADFRjrB5sfweJRsNAvi2vxKVqqwc 2u+JTyj7LK+0OsZbrcesPmYh14gOYo8uJWZnNyrXBzPNFlICTzf+HvKArh/KvxcMXrNN3xFjqI+S kPzLEejjj9v2j6kJxkprXm415ug+fSYDLdX6k/79Y+cueRBJX8DlcwGkvBt8Yu4/WBn/AMMFdVGs tREpSsXuCvXmZfwk0gYqdAtTbf1ZViyGv6stbC7cEciB6aUItnRklLeq3ELE4JSJZmUyO4bQsNRY 7XiGv6sWTS2djLwkVssfWOJnT6CBkrNOZhR+Rhb0JjFRsuKg3ZVzBbIQgxr5hr+1FytgeplUuUrL MeXIxxAO0A7Huh4eZQt6NPvDqDgfgnKXnCVEv0i5c/eX4WoNf1ZYpSs+jM3UPdAhv9rNHmXdYbrc AmNSC0AszKZZUReFQwNGmX0jc+SGv6sAv7JKz1upkmvFXE5TCKzLiXOkHMVdkSVCtOot9qdD/wAS 7Vi7MVMQhSQ1/bO5RATU+olNqyNAzcdsPVKVNuiDnBSv2ekTamrPzAbCy+2PE0hr+qpPUGYicwD0 lBiZ5L6hUvm4kaXlmjNY8xqmEoNr0h99RYoFOpBwaHiGv4SgEwmrYJW1+C9svOoC9K5jD+XN5CGG ksYv9UKtzG5L+JYErw/PUQ4XXGEEGfIYEzNU9XHBhsx4YNQAoAcsEEFYnJH2QsnBWC+XCVMVUnAc LOHa8ywLEXqV1NF+Tx6S0TKJH4h9CKBZctvlYm83pgju8S3kETYAqXykCu5+6hqZ3md+D5+IOuL0 AmdSImo42pGDZtJ26l9u6OhLVrt0esrWn6BMsvoVSkJeRfQfmaKAosHxfrE4qOwF/PH0lmSw9xR9 i+0Gv4Gpm2ro9FzHQLp5NHdcyrprHcv6mA4EuW0p5ol+7NQlfPR3HjQJfN7jklFhpQwXX11frGbY IcC/v34h8lOgr+l8xVzIff8AJ5cRT/doHl/c1FgoPpyXX7qPCsT2LkO3dyushrppQPAa9JTNHM8f rPRDUrtjqHKWNIjBdhxByjA9j8mVhCn7DqWc5kLC6+NQxFPMc8r7wwM6qzm+/SKfoBr1oW4jmtfX iblsDx4JmBhby8ncGzKLljWX8QZtywUp36f8gdYS2ujpGTbVZIOjqeuGosVQDW7jFG+YUvrdH0gz 4EaLp2ioor0CXHNTbrQShKrmWHnnNkYIIUsmL/yY/gpKMDfYp6ssmmIdMqRlRxLLVzqpdSjgmGds vx2unQf7Mr0ADFscepXdDPviKhvrsb7Jg8su1CewfU1DInPiqyswIQ49A7ltge8L3Vx8aXR7XwR8 vX0MH5lJzPMnlwtqV28Th0+SLSuugqNVgp2Req41H8G3N63XzKKEVOxwG6/EaemHUtf3+0yAG2C7 H3Pt3FIWmwO17vx3Kfood68tf9QvTs3xO38xQutyXhTzO9w4j7y/BO2tAR6cTMlJKT0GAJolGozi 4tgXpZqZ/mJXArQgovJJqOE6h4X7skoE9ypwodywU1HDLRMtLXE8pLNvb+YtEvOSI4TGa9T7YnGq LvDGap2a4V75jAvZq3x/j7zQAyPPF4+0+NG+XvxR9Jb0aVoWcJ/jK21zWzRxXE2Bli3H7XzAo8h1 bCEVd6GU3Pg4v2f+QXlyot1qGDanfd4k1oPE6MttNfcH8TGnqi/j/vcs6Zru969sTGbQZ9v+PvFA ATANKJj60+8dzNRVuF5ly9aCr8n/AH3mN0v3B3LhZ4/U/wAmdaKuphiCFkMsU2r5/wB+IKJalR3C 9FzI5nnwWRXBOIoGn3QnGGNRiMW52pQHCWOGN3WpwTxNwUUpumGVRdMPULl4hOIb0UMzP3Snf6+s zOjEHaE6h2u01eSLcrn+BFK1NqmRcrR5E4TEUMPl3Bk35CINQNgw0U5Osp+hHtPJ8T//2gAMAwEA AgADAAAAEABMRd9Jufe6tvaxPQDSyzDr5cDAe1gfjon9PJ4vPmlNNzaBQWmtovgCnLxYbHxzXE3k k25dj0u3UN0j+cNCfkBjHlckhcfLkdg8C2dxRRQwTf/EACYRAAMAAQQBAwQDAAAAAAAAAAABESEQ MUFR8CCBoWFxwdGRseH/2gAIAQMBAT8Q9MMDEZV0VdGOiLrS6L1YepF9WSv1ca0WTGiZptcDwS60 pWTxZR9BtuVCVcEtN7CoJ0g6Tr6f9CUkm308vImJLkbm3N/PYWXskuRTMuxJyn7/AEN4Fbf5+SaY EKzvbeG4V+3z7EJJrOL+F50RxyxOsWwszeeTWClrkYITNK4XXwJoiXln2n+jdu+34GUtk/gSpCjd zRYe5PqJ53Ia3E12PxrdXISYtFP/xAAjEQADAAEEAQQDAAAAAAAAAAAAAREQICEx8LFBUWGRMHGB /9oACAECAQE/EIQSIPE1f3Cx3xpQ1370Toh3yWm34rc3VfYo3FSYW/A1MNuirVeGtjc2OFhUI64N nSO14Q2tjhb95EzFyNou8y+Ro+SERbkSCRYo+O/BN++4zvnHyKsndyCCi37+h9/ZvGkl3vqMvUZb htvkqP/EACUQAQEAAgICAgICAwEAAAAAAAERACExQVFhcYGRoRDwscHR4f/aAAgBAQABPxCYG4MW cWeM4G7xcYC7ON4JoS+zIXT3vjNk2fOQHo53nHo1eHGb+Tnzg0CL3H+AK/zkSrUoyawUSbUNyW/f GSQteMiRur/DUGMtm5H2Bt4WC09ZKRm/kebHOBADBpvlbuyNbPIjGiSmBQjukC8Wt3OdNIjyJyof dM5ctYGIh3HPCyfgc5AyqdYUtXpu7gDgK7J50J8HR3vCM4dVYWO/A09g87yWRsqrA+jX7cioXw7Z SrRxp/7irDU8zLukUVwnZhQs6Lmz/k4xAQNarUhz94EF371hBT5t2ECbR7PLrGZMLqlB2fl8MowI Q7UkHk7MndFjyRE43Tb13cXV9qYsEW8bjehe9lZRJ4tcDTlaFOMAKzdjedPaO/jziLKToIVCvQAL 0PYCbCSABBJ73+nNpKvN6xs1lTtO8lBn3lglZscSdsNkdOf2YEAFqNF+OvjCBUe2GAQyGSE/3kze LDWXsoiSmmLpzXpIhR5+M5q2qvLjriH+cC4OGwczAV0n4wDZYl0zTjO4W9GicfGddzUd5wfGP8PG OaGWwIgnIrR636wi5sq2jOTRcrHBs8Hf+nK0y2Cup6cKwkzbEuQO144y7sbmtOV42gSRtU+hw0cq CRVOa849KKsJznB8Y4/wv8LuwTLQ8HfMxeu89gNCNfWP0AYQBNu9Aq/nBkm8sjcT+xwvQ+oR2Kd6 ybleK37dfvIiDx3jmSvMYODTRLfUh99YyDJYER+MEoYlMcGOP8OsTWIgb1jfR37x3Jh31go61eLI jqgJ94IgO5Ee13LwX3hHZ6lBWuhvn1i6clcr9rhYmgYW/wAv1j/NeKQ+x568Z2ISvSfXHnDXCo0d bf0vnG7D0OhnB8YmNudY/ObGB2o2W0K17/eMDjtoB8i3DSFkVnfS2aOMrlCUUCcacKSnvWQ7alP+ YccHg3MJpkCSf7+s3OArmrt7T85s3e6T9v8AeHAgLyR+zODHHOv44Z47QMVm/wBzGBP54cCNDjlb 1HeNkqU+fD9kyuwQ08YigTj7fnB6fJpubtSQE04/1+sKrDYaEoLy6cfGKzOB0ndPjvLqHD0us4P4 eMeP4fznisTTeesgnDwBzUAuw+fjDLtAOWvWBw7NX+/OcwTmPWMDuH8/0zY/kxE55dP87zhA4EDR yrQe3LHlA6b/AOD3gwEfw49MuLMusuCxwFfrN1wp9u+chgzsXGjgB5zacN/DG2ED7+M4EQ6P1iK6 ofKvHx24HY7LD2QjOKc4qTa6xJ4d/nCCGxKt/pjUYg0bPWLXLinWshDQu4e5k05F6XeQ0Fog8PeM CHYpAKngapCxE6xU3s7x8ZWSO9TuHj8YpCGE5X0Y5EbaDY8escaQgYRucDuMEi6kdHlcD24BdoMn eOlvfBhfriL0LedcZA0qLXA+vnB5fQFG++n7z+1/7nAOBxaqQD24GoDdE2I9iY4hRKWcly0Wk3vL THMQzUU3JgrvvKiL3MOBUfPGEhEWl2zb9McCI7MZKAWEwrcSKaro8v8AjlwVLKKBfynxy/BgB++H 4rVyQvhG5oUdg4qOKiElQ7CmQ/8AeIKtwtMc3uENMlH2hwT0MjoAfoxoEpsXp9YZ6nDnOHuNz5MY +aTYAeWrEwCATURp77yQtOXHyHCDkG0f9uUyFdwDHlFATVYcvflr/GBPa28AFdCOMZg67TS/INHz zx/iaGPn7LyxA+I489fjNB8YAlUw+F+zHaHm0MC6aG+FZt48UurIq6ZgcgKw3l/6zQe4HD9C7yKA mowbVWBez4piJnrUQPBQAJVTjzYgdM0A60AHynJiqj4VRDBjVVdAOVzy01rO8A6rk60bYDoRdDp4 3a0daXBfN8RlX88gPY4wYSCDsJ9glnbi+loQN4OYDUi1whIYd3BR5mB4rtx0H7TZB3FRqaKBoK7u mKjCdemiDIt1NvdwdxVClVI8XW/XDnFWkQ4pW+xfwTFHipEcV1HYGvN3TIADxa2vHCIWay68gDuR rw07OpmsKTIWq2hZ0NbprLTmonJ2EH44fGC4aLgt2cBEKb8TkCC8sxngNW735u8e2sLfNPby26mp NYctpkZHAVgQ0IvHODEw11ionChA4BzvE9RovggOJsLo3kYszRROTQ0aA4yXc795wYx+Mjl5v5zZ +kwqIIhbi8t7aKbXLyc9NFwzHCGSB0AUZzQwdfXccf0x4TBqtpeX9bcMoqRGkhUUg9zCsUOB2CvK X88VfXnEcX8Yg6+8EGT26pCXk38GOgTWtOd8PY5PW9enNJq5aWGaFlykl8HKTAYD2Sb2dCzgXXGM RnYbJtdzQq2+jk/WCnxkE06V787xFNYQGT88kTWsQ7QJRx+l0XYdVy0dCqlKPsC/LmtBM0pyuqs9 Bj6Uth23bG6yH3gJIOIONHlN8fefEdrfO7/Bi1ScPFTfjDoHQxsh+TGv+7BZCCureKcvoxS8Dp2/ i/rEEVaiGOqK0NYLkFXn47zlhORo64/YKtgm3H0VhtNJRUguiIbcM6AD6B2w2IcwE6uYTeCJ+Dk5 mmJ5G6yJA2kx6aC84aVWiAoCiAbR45GonYGobhY1jvcq35MTghGLZoVSL4gBwZXIVNnW031qnJdo ZG/CLJUAeTVZrU7Odx3MHkNu51nvPxioh3Drnb85YWqW5KJLonjFLSTly0UKwVJGeKczGwV9sIth 4MihquoZXVYFV5FNPxgOd2POUq01+Aux6fWJshyNPhwrwBa89vvA/AWq/i4lGJrXeAPQgByuW3P1 X/uBRPG+u2bJgoQ0nxivrAKSuf8Ab7eMSIWsqgiy988/eTR1OiuDZoEXt63tTZp86izv+v2zZ6Jx HAPwdnw3nWLVU7ieS3blDHf2G4CAnQvBaRuoQpuKghQ1snHj6w0gkoTQonvR9q7xsN6bkDT2Agcb ccXGYo9DrdFG+DcpgUgrQmKn3Gzo/WBNGISCA9ol+8jlI28Ha+DAwPMcF9bxE1vB1ZvNFJ2/jJsS 2y8vU68PeMXbxrEavzDwHSqkAPyCQV2eah9PnS1zEFiw3fzfPyoRcdImMN2k/wCsb1rRCiCPJSa6 eNYK2qQixBp2kvWnjEQKQQLYsHzw8nxTJrJWrFpF8bfcxcbiKShd3y016wXxQCUhpNco/nvjGgSL uwsX3pPQ9OPZZ2VTxLzgqU0m1zPgxo7fziYodYw/Xsg0Jz7ztaSbZNBNJfvHin+mWJP05MU324sk eO8PRS8uXnFLaRIFee5knYPvztx1Ro8havv3hsBolsrYvCXEVV0O/ZhNi6SZ87Nr61mtAc2/8Uyf /DBGyj7BNfrBZW7Zx/dY5oU+4/eWKld/eN61d8ZpaXnAleV641h6ApsyNapLee8DSRtdnRgRQVFd 73DBSJ3NfZk4RsC7+zs9405LRK/5cNVs7CPw4JYfR/5NfiYkpb9s/9k= ------=_NextPart_000_021D_01CA1941.7F7CBB90 Content-Type: application/octet-stream Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable Content-Location: http://a449.g.akamai.net/7/449/1776/000/button.clickability.com/3009/button_1/button.js /* Copyright 2000-2004 Clickability Inc. */=0A= /* Clickability ButtonServer v4.01 */=0A= =0A= document.write('